Research On The Governmental Response To The Voice Of Land-Lost Farmers

With the accelerated process of urbanization in China, due to the lack of national agricultural inputs, the existence of binary social systems, and the lack of farmers’ political rights, the issue of land-lost farmers becomes increasingly prominent. While the awareness of landless farmers achieving self-interest and the desire for public opinion expression have been increased, but land-lost farmers have been greatly hampered in the aspect of public opinion expression, such as the sluggish appeal channel, the less secured rights and interests of benefit expression, thus some collective actions such as collective leapfrog petition, violent anti-police, besieging the local government take place occasionally and the situation is getting worse and worse. Since the government is the key administrative body of state management and social governance, therefore, whether the contents of the voice of land-lost farmers get the attention of both the state and society, whether the channel of the voice of the land-lost farmers is smooth, whether the rights and interests of land-lost farmers opinion to maintain are safeguarded, has a direct and critical link with the response of the government. How to constantly improve the government’s response mechanism construction, strengthen the government’s capacity to respond to the land-lost farmers, and thus to ensure the interests of the landless farmers reasonable maintenance not only becomes the key to whether the completion of China’s12th Five-Year Plan targets "strengthen agriculture and benefit farmers", but also is of great significance in the aspect of promotion of China’s administrative reform.The Government’s response to the voice of land-lost farmers is the theme of a more comprehensive study, not only across the government and farmers’ research topics, but also covering the basic areas in the aspects of the voice of the landless farmers and the government’s responses.Expression of public opinion by certain social groups or individuals is a kind of social behavior which is based on the interests of the social and political goals through specific channels and ways to express their attitudes or opinions to the government. The Government’s response is the interactive contact of the main body of the response to the object in certain social environment, especially is a process in which government as a administrative body react positively to the social needs of the public and the issues raised in the public management and bears legal and social responsibility. Both are important basic areas within the field of political science and administration, and they are the important inevitable topics in the study of the issues of social livelihood and government; From the contents, the characteristics and manifestations of both the expression of public opinions and the Government’s response, they are significantly and closely inter-related. The study of the inter-relationship has a crucial importance and value for exploring the theme of this paper, that is, the issue of the voice of the land-lost farmers and the government’s response to it.This paper argues that the expression of public opinions agrees with the government’s response to it in the following three aspects:the expression of public opinions is an important prerequisite for the government’s response; the Government’s response is the inevitable requirement of the expression of public opinions; internal unity between the expression of public opinions and the government’s response.Land-lost farmers are a concomitant of the country in the process of industrialization and urbanization. The issue of land-lost farmers does not lie in that the state expropriated farmers’land, but that the farmers did not receive reasonable compensation and resettlement.Concretely speaking, the reasons why the farmers lost their land are as follows: rural land compensation is too low and the price is not fixed; land property right is not clear; there is no social security system.; lack of ideas of serving the people. The characteristics are as follows. Firstly, the expression of opinions by the farmers takes on the feature of plural unity, but it tends to be grouping; Secondly, the farmers has the same goal and the administrative levels of their protesting are low; Thirdly, the expression of opinions take on different levels, which is complicated. Generally speaking they adopt the legal and non-violence measures. Fourthly, the expression of opinions is the combination of goal and result. It is usually the unity of instrument and specific appealing. Whether from the perspective of the farmers or the government, it is expected to reduce the extent of loss from the lost land to minimum and solve the problems properly. The original intention of coping with and solving the problems actively and constructively pushes forward the process and achieves much effectiveness. But the problem is very complicated, so the expression of their opinions meets with a difficult situation, which results in the ineffective appealing or the appealing without response. As a result, some farmers adopted some extreme methods to confront with government. This constitutes the co-existence of positive and negative ways of expressing their opinions.There exist some problems when the administrative government responded to the problems from the farmers who lost their land. These problems have impact on the effectiveness of the farmers’expression, even this goes against the problem solving. The disadvantages are as follows:First, the responses from some administrative governments result in some negative developments, which includes the problems of misplacing of government’role, less initiative, less effective; Second, the consciousness of citizenship is weak, qualities of political culture are low and lack of sense of organization; Third, the channels of responses are congested; Fourthly, non-perfect system for responses results in the deficiencies of security, negotiation, monitoring, evaluation and feedback mechanisms.These deficiencies greatly hinder the effectiveness of the responses from the government and influence the interests of the farmers. Through analysis, the appearance of the deficiency is not accidental, but it has a deep root. The causes are as follows. Firstly, it is due to lack of public administration theory, the organizational structure and the imperfect framework and ways to respond. Secondly, it is affected by Chinese traditional culture and concept, the degree of being educated and lack of the organization of the expression of public opinions; thirdly, it is affected by the authority model and the non-perfect process; Fourthly, it is due to the complexities and stages of the structures.Based on the analysis, the research proposes the following ways to improve it so that it can improve the abilities of responses from the government and enhance the effectiveness of it. As a result, it will eventually maintain the interests of the farmers. First, to develop the ideas of citizen-center, justice and sense of duty and the exercise of powers within the framework of the law. Second, to improve the farmers’qualities and sense of organization; Third, to create new ways to give feedbacks; Fourth, to improve the effective systems for the responses, security, negotiation, monitoring, evaluation and feedback mechanisms. Through the joint efforts of administrative staff and the farmers, the effectiveness of the responses from the administrative governments will surely improve. The policy will meet the requirement of the farmers. The interests of the farmers will be guaranteed. The goal of building up a harmonious society of fast, smooth and healthy development in every respect will be achieved sooner.