Study On The Nonnative Ethnic Minorities Immigration To Yunnan Province In The Dynasties Of Yuan,Ming And Qing

Yunnan located in the border area of Southwest China, it is a multi-ethnic region distribution since the ancient times. There are many ethnics in the local, the one reason is nonnative ethnics moved into in historical period. According to the archaeological data, as early as the early Paleolithic, Yunnan contacted with ancestors who comes from the mainland, the northwest and the south.The phenomenon that may exist in human migration. Thousands of years later, there are a large number of nonnative ethnics moved into Yunnan area which record in the literature. So, to discuss historical process, motivations, types, characteristics and influence of nonnative ethnics moved into Yunnan area, it becomes the educational world widespread concern and research topic.Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasty is an establishment period in China being an united multiple-nationalities state. It is one of the important period the mainland population of a large number moved into Yunnan, and also an important period of Yunnan multi-national pattern formation period in the end. Most research works focus on the actual situation of Hans immigrants moved into the Yunnan, but for the development of Yunnan, in addition to the Hans migrants, many minorities immigrants played an important role in Yunnan immigrant history. So, the author will based on the rich, detailed documentation and researches of the former scholars, this paper mainly aims at carrying on overall combs and reveals the history prosess of multi-ethnic moved into Yunnan. Among them, originated in the north of Mongolia, Huihui, Khitay, Xifan, and Manchu through the way of granting of Offering King, military control, fighting with army, official career, Flow and Transplant, business travel and normal migration into Yunnan; originated in the south of the Miaos, Yaos, Nongs, Tulao, Shas, Zhongjia and Shuihu for the political ailure, escape from the war, avoid killing, the economy aspect on Slash-and-burn farming and famine, marriage and the other reasons moved into Yunnan.The motivation of these nonnative minority immigrants into Yunnan is more complex, for example, deterioration of climate, the increase in population, the influence of genetic relationship, political, military, economic and other reasons, a variety of reasons led to many migration. According to the motivation of immigration, can be divided into three types:necessity, developmental and compulsory immigration, and the types of the immigrants in Yunnan general present comprehensive, multifaceted characteristics. At the same time, compared the Hans migrants who moved into Yunnan at the same period, we can found there are bigger difference between them:source, category, way and so on, the influence of national distribution pattern in Yunnan province and Yunnan ethnic relations are also different. After nonnative minority immigrants moved into Yunnan in Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasty, we can found their regulars of distribution. After they settled in Yunnan has its own relatively concentrated area, and lived with other ethnic groups. In addition, due to the migration and changes in the border some of them eventually become a cross-border ethnic groups. In this period, after minority immigrants moved into Yunnan, they lived with other ethnic groups, contributed to the large multi-ethnic mixed, the formation of the small settlement distribution pattern in Yunnan region.Nonnative minority immigrants moved into Yunnan in Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasty, profound influence on the development of Yunnan. Ethnic relations, for a wide variety of immigrants nationality-belonging, the corresponding type of national relations, characteristics are richer than other areas, more distinct local features, also lead to complex and varied influence, although have conflicts, but the peaceful national communication between them is the mainstream. Level of economic development, these people’s moving not only changed its own economic condition, but also promoted the economic development of all nationalities in Yunnan region. In ethnic culture development, after different origin of national culture reach Yunnan, contact with the local original national culture and Han nationality culture, brings different styles culture and more rich content to Yunnan multi-national culture, constitute Yunnan ethnic traditional culture system.