Research On Marx’s Thought Of Human Values

The issue of people’s value mainly discusses people’s status in the world and the life missions of human. In fact, it’s the reflection of people on their life activities in the social relations. Marx’s thought about the issue of a man’s value is an idea which forms on investigating the problems like the nature of human beings, their needs, their alienation, their liberation, their freedom and their developments and so on, from the perspective of people themselves, their subjectivity, practicality and sociality. There is no doubt that the idea of people’s value is Marx’s important research object, the ultimate purport of the study on the thought is to realize the value of a man. Therefore, the study around the problem of how to better realize the value of people will inevitably drive the innovation and development of the human theory such as people’s needs and interests, people’s existence and development, people’s ability and quality and so on, which closely related to the value of people. The thought of people’s value is one of the most brilliant parts of Marx’s ideological theory, the correct awareness and understanding of Marx’s thought about people’s value has important theoretical and realistic significance. On one hand, it plays a fundamental role for us to insist and develop Marxism, and it provides the methodology of science for us to further study the value of people. On the other hand, Marx’s thought of people’s value is mainly put forward on the basis of criticizing the capitalist commodity economy, so the study on the idea has the very vital significance to establish and perfect the socialist market economy and to promote the all-round development of people as well as cultivate and practice the socialist core values.The main points of the paper are as follows:Firstly, tracing back the origin and the historical development process of the people’s value idea, summarizing the basic content of human value idea from the ancient Greece to the Middle Ages as well as the age from the Middle Ages to the Renaissance and the Enlightenment and so on in different periods. Exploring the human value theoretical achievements of Hegel, Feuerbach and the utopian socilist in the 19th century and the direct significance of the human value theoretical achievement to the formation of Marx’s human value idea. Inspecting the historcial background of the formation of Marx’s human value idea.Secondly, summarizing the human value ideas before Marx and concluding the critique of Marx to these ideas. The thoughts about human value of the thinkers before Marx claim was used as the value of god instead the value of a man, emphasizing the value of individual and ignoring people’s social value, evaluating the human value with utilitarianism. On the basis of criticizing these ideas, Marx formed the scientific understanding on the problem of a man’s value including person’s value lies in the people themselves, the collectivism values, the labor theory of contribution and so on, which was beyond the predecessors’ understanding.Thirdly, analyzing theoretically about the connotation of Marx’s human value theory from the perspective of philosophy. This paper shows the content about the value of a man of Marx which contains three forms, the social value, the individual value and the self value. Human’s value is featured as creativity, sociablility, as well as the unification of relativity and absolutheit, and the unification of means and purpose. This paper starts from the defination of value realization, analyzes the meaning and the characteristic of the value realization of Marx as well as the social economic conditions, and expounds the approaches to realize the value of a man from three aspects, eliminating alienation labor, abolishing private system and promote social change.Fourthly, this paper shows the practical and realistic characteristic of human value of Marx distinctively, it also provides us the guidance from the methods and ideas to solve the problems which China’s current development is facing of. This paper connects the idea of human value of Marx with the ideal and practice of the socialism with Chinese characteristic, demonstrates the theoretical significance of the idea of people’s value of Marx to the development of the historical materialism, to clear the the value orientation of the Chinese Dream and to deepen the idea of ruling for people to the party and government, and the realistic significance to exert human being’s creativity, to achieve worthwhile life, to handle the conflicts between personal interests and social interests correctly and so on.In a word, this paper is in accordance with the unity of historical and logical research method, and making a historical inspection on the historical origin, theoretical sources and the formation of background of Marx’s idea which is about the value of human, and this paper is based on the theory of human nature, the Need Theory and theAlienation Labor Theory of Marx, organizing the scattered paper of Marx’s theory about people’s value together to make a generalization and summarization of system. This paper builds and expounds a relatively complete idea of human’s value of Marx based on the meaning, the content, the characteristic and the realization of human’s value. I hope this article can provide theoretical reference to better understand and develop the idea of human’s value of Marx, and provide theoretical reference for socialist construction practice of China.