A Study On The Professional Identity And Organizational Identification Of Teachers In Chinese University

The rise and fall of the country is dependant on education. And educational equality and its high quality are new developing chances but also greater challenges facing the China Higher Education in its rapid development. Teachers play a role of great importance that is irreplaceable in improving the quality of education. However, as typical intellectual staff, the psychological requirements and work motivation of university teachers have their particularity. For this reason, not a few researchers have shown great attention to and carried out some study on the role-play, psychology, behavior, and management activities of university teachers, the specific occupational group.With the development of identity theory, studies on the organizational identification and the professional identity of teachers, and the professional behavior of teachers initiated by identity have made some progress, providing extensive theoretical foundation for the management practice of university administrators. Given the current situation that many university teachers emphasize occupational attainment while having rather low recognition of their identity, and based on previous study results, the present research proposes the theme that by paying attention to the career development of the teachers and promoting their professional identity, we can reach the harmony between the individual and the organization and seek common development. On the basis of the Social Identity Theory and the Social Exchange Theory, this dissertation has a theoretical and practical survey of the relationship of the professional identity of the members of organizations and their organizational identification, as well as the influence of the psychological identity of the professional identity held by the members on the organization that they worked for, in hopes of enriching the theory of the area of identity, offering a brand new vision for the university organizational administrators to manage and motivate the teachers in their work and to fulfill the strategic target of promoting the educational quality of universities.Grounded on document analysis and combining interview, this research has revised and devised the measurement scale of such variable as professional identity and organizational identification concerning this study, drawn up the primary questionnaire and revised and reached the formal questionnaire. Under the guidance of the devised sampling plan, we have got304effective questionnaires from35different universities. And we have applied the software of SPSS17.0and AMOS7to have an analysis and investigation of the sampling data:we have used the CFA and Regression Analysis to test the reliability of the measuring tool and the theoretical model and verified the study hypothesis this study proposed. According to the conclusion of the theoretical research, we have put forward some strategies and advice on management. The main body of the research include:(1) starting with the development situation of the reformation of college teaching, higher educational reforms and identity theory, the dissertation has discussed the background, the research significance, the technical line and research method, research outline and etc.(2) Having had a review of the Social Identity Theory and the Social Exchange Theory, we have sorted out, analyzed and summarized such variables as professional identity, organizational identification, professional image, work autonomy, and organizational environment involved in the research model.(3) in the light of extant researches, we have discussed and constructed a theoretical model concerning the relationship and the affecting factors of the professional identity of university teachers and the organizational identification.(4) this dissertation has also investigated the method of mathematical statistics that may be used in this research, revised and devised the primary questionnaire and tested the reliability and effectiveness of it, and based on which comes out the formal questionnaire. Based on the devised sampling method, we have collected data and we have arranged and analyzed the structure of the sampling.(5) we have further had a descriptive statistical analysis of the research data, and we have analyzed and testified the fitting case of the whole model. Moreover, we have applied the methods of correlation analysis and regression analysis to have an empirical study of the relationship of the variables.(6) we have also carried out a comparable study of the relationship of the varied characteristics of the demography and the study of variables, so that administrators can better obtain their management result by applying appropriate management means and motivation model to different teachers respectively.(7) we have discussed the result that the research aims to testify the hypothesis of the theoretical model. summed up the contribution of the research and had a strategic reflection of the relevant management activities of university administrators. Last but not least, we have analyzed the contribution of the present research and put forward some suggestions for further study.The present research finds out that:(1) the professional image of university teachers has positive influence on the professional identity;(2) work autonomy also sheds a positive effect on the professional identity of university teacher;(3) the environment of the organization plays a positive role in influencing the professional identity of university teachers, and both the interior and the exterior environment have positive influence on their professional identity;(4) the organizational environment has a positive influence on the professional image of the teachers, also, the interior environment of the organization has a positive effect on the professional image of the teachers, and the exterior environment as well.(5) work autonomy has a positive effect on the organizational identification of university teachers.(6) both the organizational environment and the interior and the exterior environment of the organization have a positive effect on the organizational identification of university teachers.(7) the professional identity of university teachers have a positive influence on their organizational identification.(8) varied characteristics of demography have their effects on the professional identity, organizational identification, professional image, perception of the interior and the exterior environment of the organization, and work autonomy, moreover, the variables of the characteristics of varied demography under survey of different level differ from each other.The creativity of the present research lies mainly in the three aspects as follows:(1) we have studied the relationship of the professional identity and the organizational identification of the teachers, and we have discussed the common factors affecting the professional identity and the organizational identification of university teachers. So far, researches related to the organizational identification are abundant, but researches concerning the professional identity are relatively few. Although there are many scholars having devoted themselves to the discussion of the two identities respectively, not so many of them have delved into the relationship of the professional identity and the organizational identification of the staff. The present research targeting at looking at the relationship of the professional identity and the organizational identification of the teachers will contribute to our understanding and reorganization of the forming process of the professional and the organizational identification of the teachers and their interactions as well, which will be helpful for universities to enhance teachers’ identity to the university on the psychological level.(2) the present research has taken university teachers, this particular intellect group, as its target, and carried out its studies on the relationship of the professional identity and the organizational identification on the theoretical and practical levels. In view of the extant researching result, our study on the professional identity has focused on the groups of auditors and journalists and etc. The few scholars at home who have devoted themselves to the study of the professional identity of the teachers have usually concentrated on teachers in primary and middle schools. As typical intellectual staff, university teachers differ greatly from teachers in primary and middle schools both in the content and the way of their work. Therefore, the present research aiming to clarifying the affecting relationship of the professional image, work autonomy and organizational environment of university teachers to their professional identity will enrich the result of studies on teachers’psychology and will provide some advice and new explication for university administrators to adopt new management measures to promote the organizational identification of university psychologically.(3) moreover, we have constructed a conceptual model with Chinese characteristics about the professional identity arid the organizational identification of university teachers. And we have developed some measuring forms of the professional identity, the organizational identification, the professional image, the organizational environment and work autonomy in the Chinese cultural context. In the context of the Chinese culture, university teachers have varied occupational concepts of value and different role concepts of value, and also they have different organizational identification. Based on the context of the Chinese culture, the present research has taken into consideration of the differences of concepts of value and culture and etc to analyze how professional identity influences organizational identification from the variety of the subjective cognition and mental attitude.Through a reform of the design of the questionnaire and the research method, we have constructed a conceptual model of the professional identity and the organizational identification of university teachers with Chinese characteristics. Still, by measuring and testifying the variables of our independent revision and development of the measuring forms, we have provided some fresh conceptual model and positive support for the researches of group mind of university teachers.