| Ageing and chronic disease are severe challenges and also a common project for the whole world. According to the standard of the ageing society, China has been a member of the list since 1999. Up to 2014, the number of the elderly of sixty and above is 212 million, accounting for 15.5% of total population. One of the serious consequences is that it caused the change of the structure of the epidemiology, which manifested the occurrence and increase of cardiovascular system disease, diabetic mellitus, tumor, and so on. The seniors become the major people with chronic diseases, whose uppermost dead reason also result from it. The social reality that China has been a ageing society before being wealthy as a country which has the largest senior population and the fastest growing speed, which determines to the generation of more profound influence and more economic and social burden on the country. Therefore, it is essential that effective strategy and measurements are formulated to cope with the dual challenges based on the Chinese situations.This research collected the data with the scale of hypertension PRO, diabetic mellitus PRO, and the combination of both PRO, the questionnaire of the influence factors of health-related quality of life in elderly patients, and the focus interview. The data was analyzed by wielding one-way analysis of variance (AOVAN), T-test, Pearson correlation test and multiple linear regression analysis. The overall health-related quality of life and its dimensions of the elderly with high blood pressure, diabetes, and the combination of both were assessed. It focused on the characteristics of fitness behavior of patients with chronic diseases and its impact on the overall health-related quality of life and its dimensions. It also explored that the elderly social demographic and lifestyle variables have influences on the overall health-related quality of life and its dimensions.After a series of analysis and verification, the results are as follows:The score of the overall health-related quality of life and its physiological and psychological dimensions of those without chronic diseases is higher than those with them, but the score of the social and treatment dimensions lower than those with them. It has significant statistical significance (P<0.05) between the overall health-related quality of life and its dimensions of those who have the chronic diseases and those without them; It has significant statistical significance between the overall health-related quality of life and its dimensions of those who have the fitness behavior and those who have not the fitness behavior by t-test; The score of the overall health-related quality of life and its all dimensions of those who have the fitness behavior is higher than those without fitness behavior; Pearson correlation analysis shows that there is high correlation in statistical significance between the fitness behavior and the overall health-related quality of life and its physiological, psychological, social, and treatment dimensions of the aged with hypertension, diabetes, and the combination of both; There is high correlation in statistical significance between dietary nutrition, smoking, drinking tea and the overall health-related quality of life and its physiological, psychological, social, and treatment dimensions. The score of the overall health-related quality of life and its all dimensions of those who provide a better nutritional balance and drink tea is higher than those without them. The condition of smoking is the reverse.There is no obvious difference between non-drinker and nonabstainer; Multiple linear regression shows that age, sex, occupation, family income, fitness behavior, dietary nutrition, smoking, drinking tea are the main factors affecting the overall health-related quality of life of the aged with hypertension; Age, gender, household income, fitness behavior, dietary nutrition, smoking, drinking have significant influences on the overall health-related quality of life of the elderly with diabetes; Gender, fitness behavior, smoking, drinking tea have dramatic impact on the overall health-related quality of life of the older people with the combination of both.It comes to conclusions:The fitness behavior characteristics of 1-2 times per week, longer than 15 minutes, and the subjective feeling of perspiring slightly and accelerating slightly of breathing and heartbeat have significant effect on the improvement of the health-related quality of life of the aged with hypertension; The fitness behavior characteristics of no less than 3 times per week, longer than 60 minutes, and the subjective feeling of perspiring slightly and accelerating slightly of breathing and heartbeat have significant effect on the improvement of the health-related quality of life of the elderly with diabetes; The fitness behavior characteristics of no less than 5 times per week, longer than 30 minutes, and the subjective feeling of perspiring slightly and accelerating slightly of breathing and heartbeat have significant effect on the improvement of the health-related quality of the older people with the combination of both; The overall health-related quality of life of those without chronic diseases is higher than those with them; The score of the overall health-related quality of life and its all dimensions of those who have the fitness behavior is higher than those without fitness behavior; The score of the overall health-related quality of life and its all dimensions of those who provide abetter nutritional balance and drink tea is higher than those without them. The condition of smoking is the reverse. There is no obvious difference between non-drinker and nonabstainer; Age, gender, household income have significant influences on the overall health-related quality of life of the elderly with hypertension and diabetes. On the basis of the research, the strategies of the future response to the ageing put forward. In the theoretical level, the planning of city, the design of the community in future need take the designing philosophy of health promotion-dominated multi-disciplinary integration into consideration, thereby form community-centered health promotion transdisciplinary theoretical model; On the practice lay, Elderly Health Management Center jointed with Community Health Service Centre and Community Residents Committee will be constructed on the platform of community according to the influencing factors of the health-related quality of life of the aged. |
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