The Research On Innovation Of China’s Grain Production Form Of Organization

2011China’s grain production increases eighth.Food production for five consecutive years is more than10,000billion kilograms, but food production is also very worrying, the main problem is the farmers’ enthusiasm for growing grain. The farmers’enthusiasm for growing grain is not high. Which, on the one hand, leads in extensive management of land, low production; the other hand, causes the spread of a large area of land abandonment phenomenon, to some extent the agricultural production affected.In the case of farmers’levels income and changes of the income structure, the food prices and subsidies increase and perhaps a certain space, they will have some effect, but the effect is very small, the stimulus effect is more and more limited. The question now is that the organizational form of food production is a problemFamily as the unit’s mode of operation, the scale of operation is too small and difficult to form a competitive advantage; the joint between farmers is sack, the degree of organization is low.Grain production lies in the innovative forms of production organization, nurtures professional food producers, they are actively engaged in the subjective will of the food production, but also have the capability and means to use a variety of resources in food production. At the same time, in quite a long period of time and a wide range, a small scale of food production is in reality, strengthen the innovation and service of production organization, improve food production efficiency, stable food production.This paper analyzes China’s grain production forms of organization in the theory of organization and scale, puts forward innovation food production forms of organization under the premise of adhering to the household contract responsibility system, so that the basic operating system of organization is more efficient. This article consists of eight chapters:Chapter1:Introduction.This presents the purpose and the significance of this study, reviews the phenomenon of domestic and international research, and lists the contents of this article and study methods used, at last, describes the possible innovation and inadequacies.Chapter2:Concepts and theory review.First, this defines the core concepts of the scale of operation, and agricultural production forms of organization, after discusses the theories of organization and scale.Chapter3:Small-scale household operations are the main reasons leading to the instability of China’s grain production.This chapter introduces the household contract responsibility system from early role in promoting highlighted to the role of the constraints, based on the perspective of food prices, labor remuneration perspective and the perspective of farmers income constitute, it analyzes the cause of instability of China’s grain production.Chapter4:Organization and scale is the main stabilizer of China’s grain production.In this part of the organization of the stability of China’s grain production mechanism, it discusses function and role of the organization. the farmers’professional cooperatives is the direction of the organization. In this part of the mechanism of large-scale stability of China’s grain production, based on the sunk cost perspective and grain farmers income levels, fostering professional food producers in the country forms a stable food production team and builds a stable food supply to ensure national food security.Chapter5:The disorders of the organization and large-scale.First, it introduces the performance of the organizational barriers and analyzes reasons for restricting the development of the organization. The main obstacle to scale management is that land concentration is difficult, the most important reason is unwilling to give up the right to land contractual management.Chapter6:The experience of the national development of cooperatives and its implications for China.First, the three modes of development of cooperatives in developed countries are introduced, it introduces its development experience and its implications for China.Chapter7:Innovation and policies to protect China’s grain production forms of organization.First, it analyzes typical cases of grain professional cooperatives and food professional cooperatives advantages and the problems,on this basis.explores the kinds of food suitable for China specialized cooperatives, specialized cooperatives of growing grain is the effective way to achieve the appropriate scale management. The development of professional cooperatives of growing grain should be based on the household contract responsibility system, but also to protect farmers’ interests and ensure the land use. Finally, it is the policy of protection of development for professional growing grain cooperatives.Chapter8:The main conclusions of the full text and the need for further research In this article, innovations are mainly reflected in the following areas:1. It defines the modest scale of operation from three perspectives: one,from the perspective of returns to scale to define the appropriate scale; two, from "economies of scale" perspective to define the appropriate scale operations (unit cost), three, from the angle of the output rate of the land to define the appropriate scale business (acres of net income).2. Both from the perspective of scale and the organization of the angle discusses the innovation of form food production organization, the previous studies about forms of production organization innovation are single, which are generally concentrated in the scale of operation or increasing the degree of organization.3. The small-scale household operation is the main reason to lead to the instability of China’s grain production. Based on food prices perspective, labor remuneration perspective and farmers income constitute perspective, analyze the cause of instability of China’s grain production.4. Reasonable land contract fee is the most important factor to achieve the concentration of land to operate. Analyze the concentration difficulty reason based on the cost of land transfer, introduce three kinds of reasonable methods to determine the land contract fees, it is obtained that reasonable land contract fee is the most important factor of the concentration of land management.5. Grain professional cooperative is an effective way of achieving a moderate scale of operation. On the basis of household land contract,growing grain professional cooperative reserves management rights focused on land, the development of scale operation will help to improve the degree of organization of farmers, increase farmers’ income and improve the quality of farmers, as well as conducive to food production mechanization, specialization. The suitable for China food professional cooperative, the premise is the basis of household contract responsibility system, but also to protect farmers’interests and ensure the land use, professional cooperatives should be based on grain growers together as the main composition of the cooperatives, governance mechanisms to build and improving the interest distribution are focused on.