| China is in the middle-later stage of industrialization, and the development of economy and society is confronting with many problems such as shortage of resources, price rising, high degree of dependence on international trade, serious environmental pollution, high pollution treatment cost, ecological imbalance and so forth. In order to conquer these obstacles, Chinese government has formulated a strategic goal of resource-saving and environment-friendly society construction. The State Council approved officially Wuhan Urban Agglomeration and Changzhutan Urban Agglomeration to be the comprehensive reform pilot areas of resource-saving and environment-friendly society construction in December,2007, the purpose of which is to explore new development mode of economy and society on the base of the two areas’successful experience. Now we have to make some basic issues of sustainable development of economy and society clear, so that the resource-saving and environment-friendly society construction will be more smoothly. For example, why China put so much emphasis on this type society construction during the new period of industrialization, urbanization and agricultural modernization? What is the definition and characteristics of resource-saving and environment-friendly society and how to measure the degree and level of it? Who are main participants of the society construction and how to construct it? At the present the researches on these issues are not comprehensive, systematic and deep. For these reasons, this dissertation tries to make some further researches on these issues, take Wuhan as an example to analyze the resource-saving and environment-friendly society construction empirically and put forward some countermeasures.In China, constructing the resource-saving and environment-friendly society is to promote the harmonious symbiosis of human and nature, the coordinated development of economy, society, resource and environment, and finally fulfill the sustainable development of economy and society. The resource-saving society is the society in which human develop, utilize and protect resources rationally and effectively, maintain the ecological balance, maximize the economic, social and ecological benefits by the minimum resource-consuming so that the natural resources can support the sustainable development of human society. The environment-friendly society is the society in which human try their best to reduce the waste emissions, avoid environment-polluting and protect the ecological environment so that the sustainable development of human society can be supported by the ecological environment. Compared with the traditional development mode of economy and society, the new mode has the characteristics of sustainable, harmonious, effective, green and low-carbon. The resource-saving and environment-friendly society mode is the requirement of scientific development, the key content of harmonious society, trend of traditional social mode transformation and important component of scientific development method.In order to direct, track and evaluate the performance of the resource-saving and environment-friendly society, this dissertation used the general principles and AHP to establish the comprehensive society evaluation index system based on the definition and characteristics of the resource-saving and environment-friendly society. This system is divided into four levels including one target level, two criterion levels,6index levels and34indexes. In details, the target represents the comprehensive evaluation level, the criterion levels include resource-saving level and environment-friendly level that reflect the content and structure of the resource-saving and environment-friendly society. The index levels compose of amount level, development level and potential level of resource-saving and environment-friendly. They reflect the upper level’s objectives and represent the basis of the indexes choosing. The indexes are the factors employed to explain and assess each level. This dissertation obtained the weight of every index by questionnaire, improved them to weighted average by group decisions and completed the index system.The resource-saving and environment-friendly society construction is the important mission of solving resource and environment problems and fulfilling the sustainable development. During the process of construction, governments act as directing factor, enterprises leading factor and consumers micro-base. Based on the logical analysis of influence factors, this dissertation put forward the fundamental access to the resource-saving and environment-friendly society construction, such as transformation of development mode, adjustment and optimization of industrial structure, improvement of technology, institutional innovation and accomplishment of scientific management.Wuhan is the central city of Wuhan Urban Agglomeration and the pioneer of the resource-saving and environment-friendly society construction. So this dissertation takes Wuhan as the main objective to do empirical research. It uses the comprehensive index system to analyze the situation of the resource-saving and environment-friendly society construction in Wuhan, compares Wuhan’s situation with Changsha’s and draws some conclusions that there are some problems in the areas of development mode, industrial structure, technological improvement, institutional innovation and government management mechanism. At the end of this part, some countermeasures are put forward in expectation of providing experience for the resource-saving and environment-friendly society construction in China.During the research process of the resource-saving and environment-friendly society construction, studying the experience of other countries is crucial. For the sake of the different development features of the resource-saving and environment-friendly society construction in the United States, Germany and Japan, it is necessary to analyze and compare the experience and lessons, from which society construction in China can learn.Totally, this dissertation has done some comprehensive, systematic and deep researches on the issue of the resource-saving and environment-friendly society construction and made some innovation.1) Views on Basic Theory. In the past, when researchers studied the characteristics of the resource-saving and environment-friendly society construction, they considered it as resource-saving society and environment-friendly society, instead of as a whole. Some take the general characteristics of ecological system as the characteristics of the resource-saving and environment-friendly society construction. Some scholars think that the characteristics of resource-saving society are effectiveness and sustainability, the one of environment-friendly are harmony and green development. This dissertation definite the resource-saving and environment-friendly society, compare this new mode with the traditional mode, hence draw a conclusion that this society is sustainable, harmonious, effective, green and low-carbon.2) Improvement of Evaluation System. At the present there are some shortages in the operation and usage of evaluation system. For instance, some systems have too many indexes or levels to make causation clear and it leads to the multi-collinearity. Some systems can not be used effectively because of too few indexes or lack of data availability. Based on the definition and characteristics of the resource-saving and environment-friendly society construction, this dissertation employs the proper indexes to reflect the content of this society, which makes the evaluation system more operative and effective.3) Contribution to the Empirical Research. Now many scholars put emphasis on the resource-saving and environment-friendly society construction of Wuhan Urban Agglomeration and Changzhutan Urban Agglomeration. However, the limitation of data causes the researchers to use simple evaluation system instead of comprehensive system. Some researches explore this issue from the point of view of single city, such as Wuhan or Changsha and do not compare one city with another. Not only does the dissertation review the development of the resource-saving and environment-friendly society from2002to2010, but also compare the construction situation in Wuhan with in Changsha in2010. It analyzes the achievement and inadequacy of society construction in Wuhan that will be of referential value to the practice of the resource-saving and environment-friendly society construction. |
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