Research On Sino-US Trade From The Perspective Of Marx’s International Value Theory

The development of Sino-US trade imbalance problem, not only related to thenormal development of Sino-US economic relationship to health and sustainabledevelopment of Sino-US political, cultural, and diplomatic relations. Marx’s valuetheory can well explain the reasons for the Sino-US trade imbalance. Marx internationalvalue theory to explain the Sino-US trade issues, not only helps us in-depthunderstanding of Marx’s value theory, and to speed up the pace of building a MarxistInternational Economics. Marxist perspective of our scientific understanding ofSino-US trade imbalance between the status quo and essence, rational look at theSino-US trade imbalance complex causes and effects of which to deal effectively withthe Sino-US trade imbalance, China actively promote Sino-US economic and politicalexchanges have profound practical significance.The formation of the international value is based on the premise of theinternational division of labor and the emergence of the world market. The developmentof the international division of labor has prompted the emergence of the world market,and the emergence of the world market for the formation and use of the internationalvalue of providing a ready-made stage. It can be said, without the emergence of theinternational division of labor and the world market, it is impossible to generateinternational value. Worldwide undifferentiated abstract human labor constitutes theentity of the international value. In the existing world average conditions, the averagelabor intensity of the workers of all countries and labor proficiency required cost ofproduction of a commodity world average social necessary labor time, constitute theinternational value of the commodity. Factors including scientific and technologicallevel, the relationship of the international supply of goods, labor intensity, naturalconditions and differences in trade as well as the country’s participation in international trade, international value of the international superprofit chase is the power of thecountries in the development of foreign trade, international excess profits lowerproduction efficiency derived from the backward countries to transfer the value of thedeveloped countries. The basic content of the international law of value: the value of thecommodity in the international market are determined by the necessary labor time ofproduction of the commodity world; commodity exchange to implement theinternational value of the commodity-based exchange of equal value. International lawof value both how to determine the value of international law, but also how toimplement the law of international value. The role of the international law of valueshould include the following aspects: the regulation of the international division of laborand national export commodity production, and accelerate the industry’s internationaltransfer, to stimulate trade countries to improve the technology and management, andpromote the development of the world’s productive forces, prompting countries to adjustforeign trade strategy to deepen the uneven development between the countries in theworld. The factors that affect the running of the international law of value, including:international monopoly, the relationship between supply and demand of theinternational market, the national trade protection policy, transportation andcommunication factors, as well as international monetary factors. The formation of theinternational average profit, prompting the international value into the internationalproduction prices.The international law of value should include the realization of the value ofproduction and value. Purpose of capitalist production is to get more profit, however,with the saturation of the domestic market, has led to the production of goods can not besold, As a result, the value of the goods can not be achieved in order to solve thisdilemma, driven by the bourgeoisie to break all geographical restrictions on foreignmarkets to open up and fight for the development of foreign trade. In addition, the chaseis capitalism of international superprofit the to select foreign trade. Lower than theinternational value of the country in the international value of international trade on thebasis of the case, such as a country’s value much higher than the excess profits of thedomestic market can be stable. In general, high labor productivity in the developed countries, the more the value of the commodity country is lower than the internationalvalue in accordance with the international value of goods sold, the excess profits can bemade from the world market, which can get more trade in the exchange interests. Thishas prompted the capitalist countries, regardless of all the development of foreign trade.As for the developing countries to choose and developed countries, the development offoreign trade reasons. Marx pointed out, the less economically developed countries intrade with the developed countries, it get than this country pay in kind in the form of theobject of labor, but it obtained goods cheaper than it can be produced more. In otherwords, the backward countries in exports at a disadvantage, but the import side benefit.As long as developing countries through international trade input goods in the domesticmarket, the value is greater than or at least equal to the time of the actual cost of labor inthe export commodities, so that developing countries benefit from international trade.This explains the reasons for the development of foreign trade in China and the UnitedStates.Marx’s theory of national wage differentials, the impact of the internationaldivision of labor and international industrial structure of the international law of value,the impact of the international law of value on the international transfer of industry aswell as international law of value of international direct investment and so on can be agood explanation of the Sino-US The trade imbalance problem.Due to the large differences of the Sino-US nationals wages, prompted the obviouscost advantage of China in the production of labor-intensive industries. Lower wagecosts, and the corresponding profits even lower than the international value of the saleon the international market, which resulted in a competitive advantage of our productsin the international market. This is a good description of the reasons for China’s goodstrade surplus.International good value theory to explain the division of labor between countrieswith different levels of development. Due to the relatively high wages of Americanworkers, which makes its does not have a competitive advantage due to the high cost oflow-end manufacturing, which makes the United States had to give up a part of themanufacturing sector, while engaged in the service industry or high-end manufacturing, because These industrial commodities with higher added value. Abundant laborresources, low labor costs, which the Chinese have a competitive advantage in themanufacturing sector. This form manufacturing pattern of division of labor in the UnitedStates-based services or high-end manufacturing, this pattern is also a good illustrationof why China surplus in the manufacturing sector, and in the service sector deficits; whythe United States is a surplus in the service industry and high-end manufacturing, and inthe manufacturing sector is in deficit.The International Value Theory also a good illustration of the industry’sinternational transfer. The United States in order to avoid the disadvantage caused bytheir own labor wages are too high, and even more access to the lucrative internationalprofits, so bound to actively carry out international transfer of industrial capital. Theyput those in the traditional labor-intensive industries for their high labor costs and lowerprofit margins gradually shifted to China and other developing countries, where the costof labor and other resource costs generally low production in these countries continue toreceive their can not get high profits. International transfer of this industry, to furtherexpand the Sino-US trade imbalance.The International Value Theory also a good explanation of the China-US tradeimbalance is aggravated due to the United States on China’s direct investment. Marx’svalue theory tells us that the international profit amount of a country’s goods in theworld market is closely related and the production cost of its elements and therelationship between supply and demand in the international market. Lower productioncosts of a commodity sold by international value or price of international profits, thehigher a country’s goods in the international market, the more it can be sold, the morethey can achieve more international profits. Therefore, other countries, especially thedeveloped capitalist countries in order to avoid their capital idle in order to try toachieve the maximum value of the capital, are competing against other countries theexport of capital, especially direct investment to developing countries like China, inorder to achieve as much as possible the international profits. American directinvestment in China, further increase China’s merchandise exports to the United States,further exacerbated the Sino-US trade imbalance. Marx’s value theory, provides a theoretical basis for us to actively promote thehealthy development of Sino-US trade. First of all, the view from the international valueof the production process, in order to promote the healthy development of Sino-UStrade, we should take the strategy including vigorously develop the productive forces,improve production efficiency, and adjustment of industrial structure and trade structure,deepening upgrade processing trade as soon as possible, The implementation of thestrategy of going out and encourage qualified enterprises to direct investment in theUnited States. Second, we should take a strategic view of the implementation processfrom the international value including the realization of economic growth mainly byexport-oriented to domestic demand-oriented, export market diversification strategy,and actively open up new international trade markets, and to be treated with cautiontake the strategy of the appreciation of the renminbi, to promote the establishment of theChina-US free trade zone. Finally, reasonable construction of the Sino-US tradechannels of communication of our actively promote the healthy development ofSino-US trade a good way.