Studyig Chinese Energy Efficency And Econimc Structure In Developing Low Carbon Economy

The sustainable development, improve the international competitiveness, and reduce environmental costs demand China develop low carbon economy. Chinese government had clearly put forward the target that unit GDP CO2emissions of2020must be40-45%lower than in2005in Chinese "12th Five-year Plan". At present China still faces the following troubles in order to finish this goal:rapid economic growth, mainly on coal energy consumption structure, low energy efficiency and larger pressure of economic structural adjustment.In order to support China develop low carbon economy, this paper first analyzed the sources of the increasing of Chinese energy consumption and carbon emissions which will make a deeper understanding for China develop low carbon economy. The energy consumption was analyzed by sectors, and the carbon emissions was analyzed under the production theory, which can evaluate the impact of non-energy inputs and factor substitution on carbon emissions and opened a new perspective on the causes of the increasing of carbon emissions. The results show that the increasing scale of the economy and the structural change of the economy were the major causes of the increasing of energy consumption during1992-2007. The increasing scale of the economy and capital intensity were the major reasons of the increasing of carbon emissions during1997-2007, the actual technical progress of energy use was the major force to reduce carbon emissions, but the contribution of the actual technical progress of energy use was not as high as expected for the negative energy price substitution.Then, this paper studied the energy efficiency and economic structural change these two key problems in the progress of developing low carbon economy. At present improving Chinese energy efficiency faces the dilemma of the low energy efficiency, not perfect R&D system and relatively fixed energy structure determined by energy endowment. So this paper focused on the impact of the economic openness and technology spillovers on energy efficiency of China, which provide the empirical proves for how to utilize foreign resources and technology to improve Chinese energy efficiency. The results show that foreign direct investment(FDI) from HK, Macao and Taiwan(HMT) had a positive impact on China’s provincial total factor energy efficiency(TFEE), and FDI from non-HMT was negative. The imports increased Chinese provincial TFEE through technical progress, but didn’t increase the technical efficiency significantly. The exports promoted provincial TFEE for increased competition. The establishment of special economic zones didn’t help to improve Chinese TFEE. The research on industry TFEE show that FDI from HMT didn’t show significant horizontal technology spillovers, but imports and FDI from non-HMT had positive technology spillovers on TFEE. FDI from HMT brought positive spillovers to industry TFEE through backward linkage, on the contrary, FDI from non-HMT deteriorated industry TFEE. The forward linkage didn’t show significant spillovers.Based on structure path decomposition this paper provided the proves and practical operation method on how to implement the supply chain structural adjustment. Moreover, since the power industry let out the biggest number of CO2emissions, this paper also studied the key sectors and department in production and final demand period which had the greatest impact on the power industry. This provides further information and empirical proves on how to guide the key sectors’ technical progress and economic structural adjustment. The results show that control the scale of the power industry, metal smelting and chemical industry, at the same time, leading the technical progress of them have the highest efficiency and best effect on reducing CO2emissions of the power industry. At last, this paper put forward some police implications based on the results of this paper.