An Empirical Research On The Level Of Rural Land Endowment Security In The Rural Endowment Insurance System In China

It has been proved to be one of the social issues attracting the attention from peoplefrom all walks of life whether every worker can be supported and cared when getting old,which is a key factor that can be used to measure the degree of social civilization andprogress as well as the level of social development. In the21stcentury, when our focushas been shifted from the city and town where the social security sysem for city citizenshas mainly been set up to a certain degree to the vast rural area in China, it is not difficultto see that now when the urban and rural binary economic structure polarizes seriously,the problem of endowment in the social security system for the great mass of peasantswho are over the half population of China is in urgent need of improvement anddevelopment. It is at present still a luxury for the most majority of peasants in China tohave a decent life after retirement. Hence the security of rural land has still been the mostimportant means of endowment for the current peasants in China. With the deepeningdevelopment of reform in China, the rural social economy has a fast development. Theendowment in the new country has been established and has a step-by-step advance. Therural endowment system has been mainly set up, with the predominant status of socialendowment and aided by family endowment, land security and social aid as well as thecommercial endowment to add. At the same time, with the increasing aging of the ruralpopulation, the fast speed of the rural population flow and the widespread of the ruralland transfer, great shock has been brought into the land endowment security. Thecontribution of the land security in the rural endowment system has been explored andstudied in this article based on the study of the role that land security has played in thepeasant endowment and the summary of the former research production.Starting with the theory of establishing of multi-support rural endowment system,the measurement, prediction and comment of the contribution of the land security in therural endowment system in China have been conducted in the article directed by themethods of absolute aggregate analysis and relative indicator analysis in the twodimensions of level contribution and moderate contribution in land security among thetwo sequences of peasants who are put forward in the article—peasants who cultivate the land and peasants who rent the land.This paper is divided into five parts: the first part, the question in advanced andmainly research ideas, methods and structure arrangement. The second part, sum up therelated theory of the rural land’s security in the rural endowment insurance system, thispart is the theoretical basis of this paper. The third part, presents all parts of theestablishing multi-support rural endowment system and the changes of the land securityinstitutions. The fourth part is the core of the paper. The construct farming and leasingland land security level model of two sequences have been built. Then the general level,inter-regional level and inter-industry level of the per capita rural land security can bemeasured. The contribution of the land security is analyzed, directed by the methods ofabsolute aggregate analysis and relative indicator analysis in the two dimensions of levelcontribution and moderate contribution in land security. Then the change of theparameter will predict and comment the contribution of rural land security. The fifth partassociated with the current development situation of the rural endowment security inChina, by exploring the operating mechanism of the rural land in the realization of thesecurity function for the peasants endowment，this article has put forward the path torealize land security function in the multi-support rural endowment system.The following conclusions have been drawn from the article:I. The rural endowment system which adapt to the development of the new socialistcountryside has been put forward and built. It is necessary to make full use of thetraditional land security, to advance and improve step by step the backbone role of thenew rural social endowment, to add the family endowment and social aid as theimportant supplement to the rural endowment security, to positively push thedevelopment of the rural commercial endowment and make full use of it.II. The Mathematical Model for the rural land security level has been built and thegeneral security level of the land for both cultivating and renting in the countryside hasbeen measured. With the economic development, the obvious scarcity trend of the landresources, the in turn increasingly close connection between land and economic growth,the importance of the land has become increasingly obvious. The fast increase of thegeneral level of the per capita land security for both cultivating and renting has thusmade it possible for the peasants to realize the endowment by the benefit either from land for cultivating or land for renting.III. The per capita land security level in every area in China has been calculated onthe basis of region distribution, there is great difference among the regions. The percapita level in the middle-western area where the land resources are rich is much higherthan that in eastern area where the land resources are poor. On the other hand, the percapita land security level in every industry such as farming, forestry, animal husbandry,and fishery in China has been calculated on the basis of land usage. And the hugedifferent increasing rates exist among these industries. The farming and animalhusbandry make up relatively bigger proportion, whereas, the forestry and fisheryrelatively smaller. So it is almost impossible for the peasants to realize the endowmentdepending on the forestry and fishery.IV. That is One Shortfall, Two Indicator, which has been used to analyze deeply thecontribution of the rural land security. Whether analyzed by the quantity or by the degree,the contribution of land security to the peasant’s endowment has been decreasingannually, and the weakening of the land security function has been increasingly serious.V. On the basis of the given parameters from the level pattern for the rural landsecurity and rural moderate endowment security, the future changes of the rural landsecurity level and rural moderate endowment security level can be predicted and hencethe future land security can also be measured in the way of contribution. From theabsolute level, the shortfall of the future land security will be enlarged, but from therelative level, the contribution level of the land security will be increased thanks to thegradual obvious scarcity of the land resources as well as the changes in the total ruralpopulation and structure. In a long term in the future, the land security will still be thecrucial part of the rural endowment system, playing an increasingly irreplaceable role.