Effect Of Wood Vinegar On Growth And Development Of Small Berries And Regulating Mechanism

Wood vinegar can promote plant growth, soil disinfection and improve soil environment, and it has the multiple effect, such as sterilization, insect-resistant, anticorrosive, deodorization etc. It can be used in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, medicine, food et al. The purpose of this study is to study the effect of different concentrations of wood vinegar on small berries growth, and its regulating mechanism. It can provide the theoritical basis for application of wood vinegar in cultivation of small berries, promote the artificial cultivation of small berries, and obtain high yield and good quality.The results showed that wood vinegar could shorten the rooting time of all cuttings. And the effect on softwood cutting was better than that of hardwood cutting. It could shorten the longest rooting time in softwood cutting that was blueberry7d, the raspberry and blackcurrant5d, Lonicera edulis6d, Chinese wolfberry4d. And in hardwood cutting it could shorten the longest rooting time that was blueberry and L. edulis Id, raspberry and Chinese wolfberry2d, blackcurrant4d. In softwood cutting, treatment100times of blueberry, treatment200and300times of raspberry and Chinese wolfberry, treatment300times of L. edulis, treatment200times of blackcurrant had the most obvious effect in improving root time. In hardwood cutting, treatment300times of blueberry, blackberry and Chinese wolfberry, treatment200and300times of raspberry and treatment200times of L. edulis were the best. From the rooting comprehensive quality view, wood vinegar changed the rooting situation. It needed different concentration of wood vinegar between different cuttings types, different cutting ways. From the contamination, whether softwood cutting or hardwood cutting, wood vinegar could reduce the rate of contamination. Bacteriostatic activity of treatment100times was the best.Wood vinegar had a certain effect in promoting plant height of small berries. Treatment200times of blueberry, treatment300times of Lonicera edulis were the best. Treatment200times of kiwifruit was the best, and it had no significant difference between treatment300and200times from August to September. Treatment200times of blackcurrant was the best at July, however treatment300times was the best after August. Treatment100times of raspberry was the best at early period, and it had no significant difference between three treatments at middle period, treatment300times was the best at last period. Wood vinegar had no effect on lamina time of small berries. Wood vinegar could early flowering and flushing time, and thereby it made the ripening time of fruit also in advance accordingly. Wood vinegar could significantly increase the yield of all sorts of small berries.100times of blueberry,300times of Lonicera edulis and kiwifruit,200times of blackcurrant and raspberry had the highest yield. Wood vinegar had no significant effect on soluble total sugar content of blueberry and blackcurrant. For the other three small berries, treatment200times was the best to soluble total sugar content. Wood vinegar had no significant effect on soluble protein content of kiwifruit and raspberry. Treatment200times of Lonicera edulis played a role in promoting soluble protein content. Soluble protein contents of treatment100times of blackcurrant and treatment100and300times of blueberry were lower than contrast. It had no significant effects on vitamin C content of blackcurrant. Treatment200times of blueberry and kiwifruit was the best in promoting vitamin C. Treatment100and200times of Lonicera edulis, treatment200and300times of blackcurrant were the best. Treatment100times of blueberry and blackcurrant, treatment100and200times of Lonicera edulis and raspberry were the best in promoting anthocyanins content. It had no significant effect on soluble solids content of blackcurrant. Treatment200times of blueberry and kiwifruit, treatment100times of Lonicera edulis were the best. All treatments of raspberry were higher than contrast, and it had no significant difference between treatments. It had no significant effects on titratable acidity except blueberry. Treatment200times of blueberry was the lowest.Wood vinegar inhibited the callus formation from leaves and stem, but had significant effects on the propagation of blueberry stem. Wood vinegar, zeatin and6-BA had not interaction on proliferation. The selected model was fitted well with actual test, and it could explain96.56%of the response value.1/2WPM+1.0mg/L NAA+0.5mg/L IBA+10mL/L wood vinegar was the best medium for rooting with an increase of66%in rooting rate compared with contrast. Furthermore, wood vinegar greatly increased the survival rate of transplanting, and addition of20mL/kg wood vinegar resulted in a survival rate of93.3%. The seedling grew strong with a dark green leaves, and the height reached8.1cm. Addition of wood vinegar could reduce the usage of the zeatin, which could reduce70%of the reagent cost.With the decrease of temperature, except treatment of300times dilution, the ion leakage percentage of other treatment appeared gradually rising trend. Treatment of100and200times dilution were lower than contrast. The content of soluble sugar, soluble protein and proline and SOD activity decreased after an initial increase. But the reaction of different treatment to low temperature was not consistent. The temperature of appearing maximum was different. Treatment of100and200times dilution could improve the content of various substances and help to improve the frost resistance.Wood vinegar and pine needle had positive effect on plant growth. The plant height of treatment C was best. And plant heights of Blomidon and Northland were32.3cm and37.7cm, which increased19.0cm and14.6cm compared with contrast. Wood vinegar and pine needle could reduce the soil pH, the pH of treatment D was the lowest. Blomidon and Northland were respectively4.87and4.73. Wood vinegar and pine needle could increase the soil nutrient content. For soil available nitrogen, wood vinegar had a suitable content, too much was adverse instead. The available nitrogen content of Blomidon and Northland increased29.6mg/g and69.6mg/g compared with contrast. For soil available P, the more wood vinegar usage, the greater the available P content. The available P content of Blomidon and Northland increased88.8mg/g and78.0mg/g compared with contrast. For soil available K, the increased amount was mainly made by pine needle, wood vinegar had not effect. Pine needle and wood vinegar could increase soil organic matter content. Treatment C of Blomidon and treatment D of Northland were the highest, and that were47.0g/kg and55.0g/kg respectively. Pine needle and wood vinegar could increase the number of microorganism. Wood vinegar of different additives had different control function.In conclusion, wood vinegar can be used in the cultivation of small berries. It can promote growth and development of plant, improve fruit quality, improve soil environment, and so on.