A Comparative Study Of Zhou Enlai And Deng Xiaoping Thought Of Science And Technology

It is known to all that in Chinese modern history, especially after the founding of New China, the Communists Party of China consciously adapted the basic tenets of Marxism to Chinese specific conditions in the field of science and technology, formed extremely abundant Marxist Thought of Science and Technology with Chinese characteristics and times features in different historical periods, which becomes a powerful theoretical weapon to guide the practice of Chinese science and technology and to push ahead with the cause of Chinese science and technology. It is an invaluable ideological asset in the course of Chinese nation’s rejuvenation.Zhou Enlai and Deng Xiaoping made an extraordinary contribution to the formation, development and enrichment of Marxist Thought of Science and Technology with Chinese characteristics. For the cause of PRC’s science and technology, the former is the great founder, while the latter is the leader since the reform and opening up, both of the two great men forged a lifelong profound feeling to science and technology. Zhou Enlai is the main member of the Party’s first generation of central collective leadership, the decision-making participant in the undertaking of science and technology, the leader, director and organizer of the overall work of science and technology in the national level. In his long-term leadership practice, Zhou Enlai’s Thought of Science and Technology formed. Deng Xiaoping is an important member of the first generation of central collective leadership. He returned to the leadership position in the later stage of the "Cultural Revolution", volunteered to be in charge of the work of science, technology and education, and raised many ideological theories about science and technology. After he became the core of the second generation of central collective leadership, he concerned about science and technology as always, and put forward a series of new perspectives, propositions and predications about science and technology and its development in the new historical period so that Deng Xiaoping’s Thought of Science and Technology formed. The two historical great men’s thoughts about science and technology that are the same strain are the two treasures in the pool of Marxist Thought of Science and Technology with Chinese characteristics. They led the development and influenced profoundly the historical process of China’s undertaking of science and technology at different times.This paper will provide the spiritual motivation and intellectual support for the contemporary practice of development of science and technology, through the systematic comparative study on Zhou Enlai and Deng Xiaoping’s Thoughts of Science and Technology, absorbing nutrition and wisdom. The thesis is divided into five chapters.The first chapter discusses the formation of Zhou Enlai and Deng Xiaoping’s Thoughts of Science and Technology, which mainly sets forth from three aspects including the background of the times, the ideological foundation and evolution, aiming to reproduce the thought origin and formation path of two great men’s ideas of science and technology. As a result, readers can overviews the whole picture of Zhou Enlai and Deng Xiaoping’s Thoughts of Science and Technology.The second chapter comparatively studies Zhou Enlai and Deng Xiaoping’s concepts of science and technology, which focuses on their basic understanding of and attitude to the science and technology, in order to indicate their answers to these issues such as what is science and technology, the function of science and technology, the status of qualified scientists and technicians. It will respectively interpret and analyze from four aspects including the concept of the nature, function and position of science and technology, and the concept of the status of qualified scientists and technicians.The third chapter comparatively studies Zhou Enlai and Deng Xiaoping’s thoughts about developing the science and technology, which mainly studies Zhou Enlai and Deng Xiaoping’s strategic planning and theoretical guidance, to show their answers to how to develop science and technology. The paper will organize and argue from four areas of their views on leadership, structure, ethics and policy of science and technology.The forth Chapter makes a deeper overall comparison of Zhou Enlai’s Thought of Science and Technology with Deng Xiaoping’s, which interprets their consistency of ideological attributes and theoretical characteristics and their difference of content emphasis, historical contribution and presentation style.The fifth chapter discusses the inspiration of Zhou Enlai and Deng Xiaoping’s Thought of Science and Technology to current practice of science and technology development, which is to take keeping up with times and promoting the theoretical innovation of Marxist Thought of Science and Technology with Chinese characteristics as its guide, effective strengthening and improving the leadership capability of the Party to the science and technology work as its key, forging ahead with determination and deepening science and technology restructuring as its crucial tasks, raising ethical standard of socialist science and technology as its basic requirement.The end will point out that it is necessary to create a stable political environment and provide the practical and political security for the development of science and technology, and it is necessary to stick to the road of independent innovation with Chinese characteristics, only so the Chinese nation’s dream of becoming a Powerful Nation of Science and Technology can come true.