The Transition Of China’s Law Popularization Since The Reform And Opening Up

Law popularization has gone through26years in China since the first "Five-year Plan"was adopted from1986. Having witnessed the starting period which took popularization of the Constitution as its forerunner, the developing period with the popularity of market economic laws as its main content, and the climax period with rule of law as its core,it has now entered into a comprehensive period of promotion with characteristic of right supremacy. Through the five "Five-year plan", legal popularization in China has gone through a four-stage shift:the popularity of common-sense education,the education of imparting legal knowledge,the training of legal awareness and the enhancing of the legal quality.The development of law popularization has tied closely to the social practice of China’s reform and opening up in the past three decades. Every change of the object,content and goal during the law popularization has been in accordance with the transfer of Party’s principles,polices and focus. Law popularization was not only an unprecedented but also an extraordinary legal campaign for the original intention of which is to "hand over the law to billions of people". Such political and legal phenomenon with strong Chinese characteristics has chosen a "state-leading,people-participating" pattern from the very beginning,and the advantage of such pattern was able to carry out the popularization and instruction of legal knowledge rapidly and concentratedly. It is undeniable that through this pattern, it has provided people with a platform for learning and understanding legal knowledge, and laid a foundation to strengthen citizens’legal consciousness as well as the construction of the national democracy and legal system.However, disadvantages of this "state-leading" pattern have been gradually exposed with further development of law popularization. Many problems occurred such as the subject were not enthusiastic enough, the masses were not widely involved, and effectiveness was not so high,which have severely hampered the development of China’s law popularization, even entered into a "stagnant period" at one time. Among which, the inefficiency has been a seriously stubborn illness to perplex law popularization.Admittedly, there were diverse causes for this problem,such as the subject of law popularization has wrong positioning itself, the function of oriented subject and initiative one has dislocated; the object of law popularization presents a multi-level trends, among them, young people and leading cadres has always been the focus of law popularization, with the acceleration process of economic development and urbanization, rural areas and urban floating population’s law popularization is becoming difficult issues,the existence of these groups make the task more arduous and the requirement of direction of law popularization more stronger; traditional carriers of law popularization is suffering from the impact of the strong intervention of modern carrier which makes the traditional ones lacking of effectiveness; the environment of law popularization has undergone tremendous change, complex media environment put forward new requirements for the recognition of law popularization’s content, virtualization living environment require a new expansion of law popularization’s content.Rely solely on changing the way or method of law popularization to solve the problem is not enough, because it is only a temporary solution rather than the root of the problem. Law popularization is the work on "human beings", the same as other types of education, law popularization should follow the general rules of education. In other words,the ignorance of research on "human beings" during the law popularization was the primary one by tracing the source. Human beings was a synthesis of various needs,and human needs were the basis of all acts. Human needs have the characteristics of diversity and difference which decided the acceptance and participation of law popularization.Under the guidance of Marxism on human needs,law popularization should fully mobilize people’s subjective initiative based on the respect of human needs,pay attention to the creation and application of new method inlaw popularization on the basis of satisfying human needs, actively prompt the realization of social justice value on condition that following the law of development on human needs,enhance the citizens of legal identity,and ultimately achieve the improvement of effectiveness in law popularization.This thesis is starting from the research methods of ideological and political education and achieved the creative combination of the structure of the ideological and political education theory and the practice of law popularization. The paper presents only to search a functionality complement of two types of the subject in law popularization,the multi-level combination of the object, the historic reunification of the carriers and the breakthrough changes of environment,can join forces to promote the sustained and rapid development of law popularization. In order to do some systematic study of law popularization in China since the reform and opening up from the perspective of the historical evolution, the paper has taken the methods of unity in history and reality, theory and practice. According to the different priorities of the various stages in law popularization, the course of law popularization has been divided. Summarized and analyzed on the basis of the combination of Chengdu practice and national legal work, the paper has summarized the content and salient features of various stages of law popularization. Through the analysis of the new features presented by each stages in subject,object,carriers and environment in law popularization,the paper presents that law popularization in the future should pay more attention to enhance the quality of the law, the reinforcement of legal identity and respection for the needs of human.