A Comparative Study On Determinants Of Entrepreneurial Intentions Among College Students In China And Pakistan

It’s a pioneering bi-country study to compare the determinants of entrepreneurial intentions among Chinese and Pakistani college students empirically. In this study A. Shapero and L. Sokol (1982) Entrepreneurial Event Model and Ajzen (1991)Theory of Planned Behavior are used as donor models for our Integrated Conceptual Model (ICM) to see the impact of propensity to act, perceived desirability and perceived feasibility on entrepreneurial intention of college students endowed by subjective norms. The Entrepreneurial Event (EE) and Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) have emerged as most commonly adopted intention based models in entrepreneurship research. To predict the perceived entrepreneurial behavior, advocating that perceived desirability and perceived feasibility are the grounds for entrepreneurial undertakings.The literature grounded on theoretical and empirical analysis provides a strong support that entrepreneurship is an intentional process. As N. Krueger (1993) confirmed that intentions as commitment to form a new venture. According to Z. Acs (2006) opportunity sensing is an intentional process and exercising the intent, perceived opportunity entrepreneurship hold a positive impact on the economy. Intentions are the prime servers of planned behavior starting from opportunity sensing to piecing the resources together with an entrepreneurial mind set. This study revealed that work experience is playing no direct role on intentions. Only an indirect role on the intentions through perceived desirability in Pakistan. Family income is not playing any direct or indirect significant role in both nations.Family business background comes to be a positive impact through perceived desirability on intentions in Pakistan not in China. Personality traits indirectly impact on entrepreneurial intentions through perceived feasibility in China and desirability in Pakistan.Perceived feasibility directly impacts entrepreneurial intentions in both nations. Perceived desirability directly impacts on entrepreneurial intentions in China.By comparing personality traits we reveal that Pakistani students are more innovative than Chinese. The students in both nations are demanding financial and policy support.Moreover they are bearing pressure for Emission Minimization and Protection of Intellectual Property Rights as difficulties to start business.