A Study On Hui People In Gui Sui Region (1632-1937)

This thesis is another systematic research on the history of Hui people in Gui Sui region after the Hui nationality history in Hohhot. The thesis makes an attempt to systematically research on social organization, economic forms, national identity of Hui people in Gui Sui region in the times from A. D.1632-1937. The research bases on such data as archives preserved in First Historical Archives of China and Archives of Tumed Banner, local chronicles, Chronicles of Qing Emperor, Code of Qing Dynasty, Regius Lists and Biographys of Princes and Gongs in Outer Mongol and Hui Tribes, and Draft of Qing Dynasty, personal notes, memoirist, Historical collections, achievement achieved in academia, and the research also bases on author’s fieldwork.The thesis consists of preface, body and conclusion. The preface introduces the topic and its significance, research situation at home and abroad, research methods and innovations, as well as basic historical data used. The body is divided into five chapters.The first two chapters systematically setup the history of foundation and development of Jamaat of Gui Sui Hui people (1632-1937). In chapter 1, the thesis focuses on the historical background of the establishment of the Jamaat in the early of Qing dynast, as well as activities of Gui Sui Hui people and foundation and primary development of Jamaat. In this section, The thesis makes some textual research and draws a conclusion that there have been Muslims come from Tian Shan Mountains, Qinghai, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia lived in the Gui Sui area in Kang Xi time.In chapter2, the thesis analyzes origin and traits of Hui people that immigrated Gui Sui area.(1) In Qianlong time, the Muslim Jamaat established continuately, and basic pattern of Jamaat of Gui Sui Hui people have been fixed.(2) As a result of immigration of large numbers of Hui people from northwestern area evading war, Hui people population increased, mosques have been broaden and the Jamaat have been broaden also in Gui Sui area during the time from Tong Zhi time to end of Qing dynasty.(3) The thesis make use of new-found stone tablet founded in1869enrichs thesis.(4) Early Republic of China (1912-1937), with the introduction of the idea of "republic of five nationalities" and "ethnic equality", Hui people’s cultural movement increasingly come alive in Gui Sui area, and Gui Sui City Hui Advancement council greatly promoted the expansion of the mosque,spreading of Islamic culture and the awakening of national identity of Hui nationality in the region.In chapter3, social organization systems of Gui Sui Hui people have been analized.(1)The thesis makes some textual research on foundation time of first mosque in the region, and concludes that the first mosque founded in the times from1632to1693.(2)The thesis discusses relationship between new religious sects and old one, and traits of new religious sects in the region.(3)The thesis stated the history of Jamaat of Gui Sui Hui people, and a series of organization system managing mosque’s profane and religious affairs. In this section, the author introduced a new first-hand information named"the Fee Weng Tablets" to complement the thesis.(4) The thesis outlined movement of Hui people in guild and analyzed foundation of Gui Sui City Hui Advancement council and its influence.In chapter4, the thesis outlines history of various industries and careers Gui Sui Hui people engaged in, and analyzes circumstance of Gui Sui Hui people economy running From the perspective of nationality culture and regional condition and social condition.(1) In this section, new data has been used.(2) through systematic discussion, we can draw some views that Islamic culture is important factor to influence economy of Gui Sui Hui people, and regional condition and social condition form such traits of economy of Gui Sui Hui people as strong grasslands economic characteristics, highly dependent on trade routes and colonial economic characteristics.In chapter5, the thesis outlined the evolution of relationshiop between Gui Sui Hui people and the local government. In the first section, the thesis states evolution and disadvantages of three primary level managing system in Gui Sui region. In the second section, the thesis discusses the relationship between Hui people and the government of the Qing Dynasty. In the third section, thesis outlined the relationship between Hui people and the government from1912to1937. In this part, the thesis outlined nationality policies of the Northern Warlords government and national government and stated the awakening of national consciousness of Gui Sui Hui people and their efforts for the survival and development of the ethnic group.The conclusion analyzes overall traits of Jamaat of Gui Sui Hui People, Summarizes the purpose of this thesis.