| Hunan province is the fourth largest production area of high quality flue-cured tobacco in China, and the flue-cured tobacco leaves producing from Hunan province plays an important role in the development of Chinese type cigarette brand.In this paper, based on the typical samples and detection from the flue-cured tobacco planting areas from central and southern Hunan province including Chenzhou,Yongzhou,Hengyang,Changsha,Shaoyang tobacco rice rotation district, we used principles of ecology, the theory of agricultural division and the theory of quality estimation of tobacco leaves,and gave in-depth analysis of the appearance quality, physical properties,chemical components,the characteristics of quality and style of the leaves of strong flavor style flue-cured tobacco from Hunan, zone location of the style and the subdividing flavor type of the strong flavor style flue-cured tobacco from central and southern Hunan province. The main conclusions are follows:(1) The results of tobacco leaves appearance quality quantitative evaluation from central and southern Hunan province's tobacco producing region showed that:? Flue-cured tobacco in Hunan strong flavor style tobacco producing region had better development, better maturity, more loose organization structure, well elasticity, thicker identity, sufficient oil content, well chroma, esteem satiation, stronger luster, uniform colour and lustre, tiny chromatism. ? In Human, the spatial distribution for scores of most tobacco leaves appearance quality index showed certain change trend,and most were a decrease spatial distribution trend from south to north. ? In Hunan, the difference of tobacco leaf appearance quality indices of different tobacco planting regions reached significant level; the tobacco leaf appearances quality indiceses of Xiangyan 3 and Yunyan 97 variety were notablely higher than that of K326 variety, and the tobacco leaf appearance quality indices showed a reducing spatial distribution trend from southeast to northwest in Hunan. ? For strong flavor style tobacco planting counties in Hunan, the tobacco leaf appearance quality could be divided into 4 types:type ? had a excellent appearance quality, type ? had a better appearance quality, type ? had a good appearance quality, type ? had a general appearance quality.(2) The results of tobacco leaves physical properties from central and southern Hunan province's tobacco producing region showed that:?Flue-cured tobacco leaves in Hunan strong flavor style tobacco producing region had better extension, lower leaf vein content, moderate equilibrium moisture content, big single leaf weight, thicker upper leaf and lower latter leaf weight. ? On the spatial distribution, tobacco leaves in middle Hunan tobacco planting areas had better extension, higher single leaf weight, lower leaf vein content, lower equilibrium moisture content and gradually reduced thickness of leaf and weight of single leaf from south to nouth. ?There weren't significant difference among different counties, regions and varieties for physical properties indices of strong flavor style flue-cured tobacco leaves in Hunan, physical characteristics indices of strong flavor style flue-cured tobacco leaves in middle Hunan was relatively higher in the spatial distribution. ? Physical characteristics of strong flavor style flue-cured tobacco leaves in Hunan are divided into three types and there were obviously difference of leaf thickness and leaf weight for each type.(3) The Chemical composition comprehensive evaluation results of the flue-cured tobacco leaves from central and southern Hunan province's tobacco producing region by adopting fuzzy mathematics and GIS technology showed that: ? Strong flavor style flue-cured tobacco in Hunan had the characteristic of middle sugar content and higher potassium content. ? There were some differences between the indexes of chemical composition in the year. The usability of tobacco leaf chemical components was highest in Xintian country in 2011 and was highest in Yongxin country in 2012.? On spatial distribution, the chemical components usability of flue-cured tobacco in Hunan decreased gradually from northwest to south in 2011 and were plaque in 2012 year.(4) The sensory quality evaluation results of the flue-cured tobacco from central and southern Hunan province's tobacco production region showed that:? The smoking gas quality of strong flavor style flue-cured tobacco leaf in Hunan had good to better aroma quality, had much to more aroma quantity, had fewer to more diffusive aroma, had tiny scorched and ligneous odor, was little to more exquisite, was little softness and little mellowness, was little pungent, had dry feeling, had clean and comfortable aftertaste. ? Among different regions, there were significant differences on aroma quality and esquisite and soft degree of smoking gas, however, no significant differences were found on aroma quality, diffusivity, scorch taste, ligneous odor, mellowness taste, pungency, dry feeling and aftertaste. ? Among different years, there weren't significant differences on aroma quality, the aroma quantity, diffusiveness, esquisite and soft degree of smoking gas, mellowness taste and aftertaste, there were decrease trends for scorched and ligneous odor, and there were increase trend for pungentcy and dry feeling. ? On spatial distributions, there were different trend for aroma quality,diffusiveness,scorched odor,ligneous odor,esquisite and soft degree of smoking gas. ?There was decrease trend for the sensory quality indices from south-east to northwest.(5) The sensory style evaluation results of the flue-cured tobacco from central and southern Hunan province's tobacco production region showed that: ? The flue-cured from central and southern Hunan was a little to more prominent, with the characteristics of hay incense, burnt-sweetness aroma and burnt aroma as the principal note, complementing obvious to more obvious nutty aroma, woody aroma, pure-sweetness aroma, spice, hay incense, burnt-sweetness aroma and burnt aroma, however, other aroma note styles were little obvious, the motion state of aroma was overflow with heaviness to more, the density of smoke was from less strong to more; the impact was from medium to greatness.The The sensory style of the tobacco from central and southern Hunan province was more abundant than the flue-cured tobacco from other strong flavor production region such as Henan provinde, so the tobacco from central and southern Hunan province are typical strong flavor tobacco. ? There were decrease trend for the scale values of strong flavor style, burnt-sweetness aroma, burnt aroma and spice from south to north, for the scale values of hay incense from northwest to south, and for pure-sweetness aroma from west to east. There were spot distribution for the scale values of woody aroma and nutty aroma.(6) The stepwise regression analysis results of upper leaf chemical components and style characters from strong flavor style tobacco-planting areas of Hunan showed that:? There were the characteristic of middle sugar, proper nicotine, high potassium and proper ratios of sugar to nicotine of upper tobacco leaves in Hunan, there were significant differences on contents of nicotine, total nitrogen, total sugar and reducing sugar and on ration of sugar to nicotine. ? There was prominent strong flavor style for upper leaves in Hunan, with the characteristics of burnt-sweetness aroma, hay incense, burnt aroma, woody aroma, nutty aroma, pure-sweetness aroma and spice as principle note, particularly prominent burnt-sweetness and burnt aroma, the motion state of aroma was more overflow, the density of smoke was stronger, and the impact was great. ? For upper leaves, there were better aroma quality, more abundant aroma quantity, fine diffusive aroma, little scorched and ligneous odor, and tiny raw green odor and green odor. Smoke was smooth, soft and mellow. There were slightly irritancy and dryness, and aftertaste was purity and easiness. There were significant difference on the aroma quality, raw green odor, ligneous odor, irritancy and dryness among tobacco producing areas. ? Some indices of chemical components had significant effect on the indices of some aroma characteristics.(7) The characteristics and zone location results of smoking quality style of strong flavor style flue-cured tobacco showed that: ? Strong flavor style tobacco growing areas in Hunan were divided into typical strong flavor style tobacco growing areas and vice-typical strong flavor style tobacco growing areas, the former of the strong flavor style of flue-cured tobacco was more prominent, the latter was less prominent. ? The style and characteristics of strong flavor style of flue-cured tobacco in Hunan tobacco-growing were divided into 4 types burnt-sweetness aroma and more difusiveness, burnt-sweetness aroma and massiveness, burnt aroma an d more difu siveness, burnt aroma and massiveness. |
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