Preparation Of Novel Acrylate Polymer And Its Application On Surface Modification Of Paper

With the development of papermaking and packaging industry,higher and more strict performance of paper is required. Therefore, surface treatment of paper has become more and more important in the production of high performance papers.Surface modification of paper was designed from two perspectives including styrene acrylic emulsion surface sizing agent and fluoropolymer grafted with carbon nanotubes. The main tasks of this thesis can be summarized as four aspects.1. Firstly, the three-step synthesis process of the epoxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride intermediate, maleic acid monoester and maleic anhydride reactive emulsifier was optimized.Maleic anhydride type cationic reactive emulsifiers were firstly synthesized in this paper. The effects of reaction conditions on emulsifying capacity and critical micelle concentration(CMC) of reactive emulsifier were optimized.2. Secondly, the influence of self-made reactive emulsifier on styrene acrylic emulsion polymerization system was investigated. The polymerization kineticsequations of process parameters were obtained through curve fitting method. Film-forming property of the emulsion synthesized by self-made reactive emulsifier were compared with other emulsifier. The nucleation mechanism of polymer emulsion particles in the presence of self-made reactive emulsifier was studied.3. Thirdly, fluorine-containing styrene acrylic surface sizing agent was obtained by semicontinuous core-shell emulsion polymerization. The effects of the polymerization parameters on surface sizing performance of the products were studied.The optimal synthesis conditions were obtained. The particle morphology and surface sizing effect of surface sizing agent prepared using self-made reactive emulsifier were compared with traditional emulsifier. The core-shell emulsion polymerization and surface sizing mechanism in the presence of slef-made reactive emulsifier was proposed.4. Finally, continuous nickel films were deposited on silicon substrates using magnetron sputtering method. Then films on silicon substrates were treated under high temperature and ammonia environment to change the continuous films into nanoparticles, which provided convenience for the growth of aligned carbon nanotubes via chemical vapor deposition(CVD) method. Carbon nanotubes were functionalized and fluoropolymers were successfully grafted onto the surface of carbon nanotubes using atom transfer radical polymerization(ATRP) technology. After that, they were coated on paper surface to form composite film. Superhydrophobic paper with excellent fluid drag reduction properties was obtained after etching treatment.Surface modification of paper was completed through the above-mentioned methods and functional paper was obtained. The main research results are as follows.1. The synthesized maleic anhydride type cationic reactive emulsifier exhibited excellent emulsifying capacity and low critical micelle concentration(CMC). Gels formed by bridging which resulted from the excessive participation of emulsifier in aqeous polymerization were eliminated. The maleic anhydride part of the reaction product mainly existed in the form of cis structure and no isomerization occurred.2. Polymer emulsion was synthesized via semicontinuous emulsion polymeriza-tion in the presence of reactive emulsifier. The influence of emulsifier level,temperature, initiator amount on emulsion polymerization process could be described by the corresponding fitting formulas. The polymer emulsion synthesized with self-made reactive emulsifier exhibited excellent performances. A nucleation mechanism of polymer latex particle which was based on macromolecular chain entanglement and embedding of charge segment for emulsion polymerization system in the presence of reactive emulsifier was proposed.3. Fluorine-containing styrene acrylic surface sizing agent was synthesized by core-shell emulsion polymerization on the basis of self-made reactive emulsifier.Paper properties could be significantly improved by adding a small amount of surface sizing agent in sizing system.The synthesized emulsion particles in the presence of self-made reactive emulsifier had special structures. It had the advantages of reducing the film-forming temperature and emulsifier dosage, improving the hydrophobicity and strength of paper. Moreover, many special chemical products could be obtained.4. Nickel films on silicon substrate were etched and refined under high temperature and ammonia environment. Continuous films were changed into nanoparticles with high catalytic performance to provide favorable conditions for the growth of aligned carbon nanotubes. Fluoropolymers were successfully grafted onto the surface of carbon nanotubes using ATRP method. Monomer ratio had a great effect on surface properties of coated papers. A stable Cassie state was maintained on solid-liquid interface when fluid flowed over the superhydrophobic paper surface.In this thesis,four directions including reactive emulsifier, emulsion polymerization,surface sizing agent and carbon nanotubes-grafted fluoropolymers were studied to analyze the surface modification mechanism of paper. The synthesized maleic anhydride type cationic reactive emulsifier exhibited low critical micelle concentration(CMC). The defects such as residue, desorption, migration and poor freeze-thaw stability for traditional emulsifiers were eliminated. It enriched the type of emulsifiers. The performance of paper was significantly improved by adding a small amount of core-shell fluorine-containing styrene acrylic surface sizing agent in sizing system, which was of great significance for the production of high performance and high value-added paper. Special microstructure surface of superhydrophobic paper improved its moisture resistance, antipollution and self-cleaning ability. The solid-liquid interface of superhydrophobic paper was maintained a stable Cassie state during fluid flow, which showed excellent fluid drag reduction performances. It was beneficial for the fabrication of superhydrophobic surface on a substrate with low cost and easy processing properties. It opened up new avenues for the application in the fields of packaging, bionics, biomedical materials, micro/nano devices, intelligent materials and so on.