The Characteristics Of Angry Driving Behaviors And Its Effects On Traffic Safety

With the rapid development of social economy, car ownership is increasing sharply in China; and traveling by car is common. With the increasing stresses of work and life, the accumulation of stress and emotion need to release. In the rush hour, traffic jams happen, which results in more and more emotional conflict triggered by driving. Some drivers will even attack other person and cars to express their anger. According to the survey, more than 60% of people in China have driving experience with anger on the road. Road rage drivers will not only bring a range of security risks, but also affect the normal road traffic order and so on. Therefore, studying the motorist of angry driving behavior feature, identifying the status of angry driving, as well as drawing up intervening and managing measures play an important role and significance for the normal operation of the transportation system. This paper studies the motorists of angry driving behavioral characteristics by questionnaire method, and depth analyzes the impact angry driving on traffic safety using statistical methods. Specific studies are as follows:(1) Designing China Driving Anger Expression Scale (CDAES). On the basis of a wide range of domestic and foreign literature, the driver performance characteristics while anger. According to these, fifteen drivers were recruited to interview in Wuhan City. After comprehensive analysis of the results of interviews and literature, the preliminary survey version of Anger Expression Inventory was designed, a random survey was carried out in Wuhan City; a total of 119 valid questionnaires were received. The scale was revised through group discussions and psychology expert guidance methods after analysis of problems on preliminary survey version scale. A total of 500 drivers were randomly surveyed in Wuhan using the revised final version scale, including taxi, bus, truck, coach and private car drivers. Finally, a total of 456 valid questionnaires were returned. The final version of the questionnaire data analysis results showed that the scale of reliability (Cronbach coefficient= 0.861) and validity was relatively high, and suitable for doing research; the scale of factor structure consists of five sub-scales:operational frequency, operational intensity, verbal attacks, use of the vehicle to vent anger, self-regulation, each subscale of reliability and validity met the criteria. Based on results of the results of the final version scale data analysis drivers'angry expression of structural equation model was built.(2) Analyzing the drivers'angry driving behavior characteristic. From the view point of the frequency of a driver operating vehicle control unit, the driver to operate the accelerator, foot brake, clutch, steering wheel, gear and other in anger more frequent than under normal circumstances, angry motorists of lane change frequency has a corresponding increase compared to normal conditions; in the violent extent of motorists operating vehicle, motorists operate the throttle, foot brake, clutch, steering wheel, gear, etc. a bit more violent than the normal; angry drivers also tend to drive close to the vehicle in front; In addition, some motorists will express their anger through verbal attacks on other drivers, use of the vehicle to express anger, but the others usually express anger through opening car window, listening to music, etc.(3) Studying on the impact of anger on motorists' physiological, psychology and action. Multiple Responses is used to research the motorists'frequency of distraction, fatigue, driving impulse, inaccurate estimates of the speed, reaction not quickly, and lapse of vehicle control. Under the anger, the driver most easily generates distraction, followed by lapse of vehicle control. The driver also is prone to drive on impulse if his capacity of controlling anger is not strong.(4)The impact of driving with anger on traffic safety is explored. The generation of anger exist personality differences, so the impact of anger on different drivers have a certain degree of difference. Descriptive statistics method is adopted to explore the extent of anger influencing on driving safety as well as the frequency of traffic accidents, the possible traffic form, and the severity of traffic accidents in anger.