Research On Correlation Between Folk Beliefs And Traditional Architecture Environment Morphology

Meishan culture is a folk culture with distinctive regional characteristics created and inherited by Meishan people.Focusing on central Hunan,it radiates to southwest China including Sichuan,Guangxi and Guizhou,and is even spread to France,Japan,America and South Korea with the migration of Meishan people.Folk belief in Meishan culture plays an extremely important role in local production and life.Based on the primitive beliefs of ancient times,it has integrated some contents in belief systems like Chinese Buddhism,Taoism and Confucianism,and comprehensively formed unique belief concepts of religious sects as Shijiao,Meishanjiao and various fragmentary forms.From connotation to extension,these beliefs are extensively distributed in various aspects of local production and life.Many physical forms or behavioral patterns carry the connotations of local folk beliefs,and traditional architecture environment is one important carrier.By starting from the association between folk beliefs in Meishan and concrete morphology oftraditional architecture and environment,this paper mainly discusses the internal linking system of abstract belief culture and concretemorphology of traditional architecture and environment.Moreover,the philosophical significance of such linkage and its position and role in contemporarymorphology of contemporary architecture and environment are further explored.This paper is divided into seven chapters.As introduction,Chapter 1 discusses the following issues.Firstly,the research scope of this paper includes geography and humanity.The former refers to central Hunan centering on Xinhua and Anhua as well as surrounding cities and counties;the latter covers all periods and spaces influenced by Meishan culture.Secondly,the research purpose of this paper is to deeply excavate the original connotation and philosophical attributes of folk beliefs in Meishan,to discuss different influences of folk beliefs on settlement space,building environment and decoration details as well as their association rules,to illustrate the relation between folk beliefs in Meishan and morphology of contemporary architecture and environment in an explorative way,and to further put forward methods to integrate culture into new building environment shapes.Thirdly,an analysis is made on domestic and overseas literatures which have a certain influence or background meaning for ideas of this paper.Fourthly,major research methods of this paper are expounded,and the framework of this paper is worked out.Chapter 2 and Chapter 3 are theoretical backgrounds of this paper.Chapter 2 defines the abstract concept of folk belief ontology in Meishan,and proposes that folk belief is a concept and social activity form created when local people pray for smooth production and safe life under blocked traffic and natural environment of awful weather.It has three basic attributes,which are pursuit for "integration and harmony"in form and connotation,people-oriented pragmatism,and same nature of God and men formed under "Hongaku" logic.Chapter 3 analyzes the time-space sequence of local traditional settlement,architecture and environment landscapes from the angle of morphology,and systematically collates the general situations of local morphology of traditional architecture and environment.Chapter 4 and Chapter 5 expound the correlation between abstract belief concepts and concrete morphology of traditional architecture and environment.Only some details of primary belief concepts are left in morphology of traditional architecture and environment.that can be verified at present.Therefore,Chapter 4 of this paper discusses the concrete manifestations of four primary primitive belief concepts including nature worship or animism,totemism,ancestor worship,and practicability worship in details of morphology of traditional architecture and environment in Meishan.In Chapter 5,belief traits of traditional architecture and environment are explored from the aspect of spatial form,and belief traits in space are analyzed from both sides of one body in the form rule.Besides,it puts forward that many traditional spatial states accord with time,life,and social history rules in the local belief concepts,and the philosophical logical framework of integrating form and shape is established.In addition,the last part of this chapter proposes logic defects in the belief system and parts worth criticism in theory and practice.Based on the above chapters,Chapter 6 and Chapter 7 explore the significance and function of folk beliefs for contemporary architecture and environment construction.Chapter 6 mainly expounds the design methods which can integrate traditional belief concepts into the new building environment system with the form that accords with contemporary culture and material needs.It puts forward that the following five principles should be obeyed in design:adapt to the users'contemporary living standard;respect the building users' behavioral habits;coordinate with the local natural and cultural environment;promote social and economic development in the local place.Through three different groups of projects completed by the author and the team,Chapter 7 discusses how to truly apply theories to practice,and meanwhile proposes relevant problems that might appear in this process.