Ecological Adaptability Model Of Mountainous Cities Complex System

Our mountainous area accounts for two-thirds of the total land area,and mountainous towns account for about half of the total number of towns.Two-thirds of the nation's resources such as land,forest,mineral,water is predominently distributed in mountainous region.The mountainous area is multi-ethnic settlements,which reserves cultural diversity of human settlements.At present,the mountainous cities are in a period of rapid urbanization,the urban space expands rapidly,and the urban functional structure is also in the process of optimization and restructuring.While,the complex natural environment and fragile and sensitive ecological environment,prompts to present the heterogeneity and diversity characteristics of mountain morphology,transportation structure and regional culture.Urban spatial expansion has been greatly constrained,and the ecological security problems the mountainous cities facing is much more serious than plain cities.However,no matter from the perspective of urban planning,or society,culture and ecology,spatial development and planning of mountainous cities obviously demonstrates complex characteristics.At present,with the rapid progress of urbanization,many wicked problems become prominent,including disorderly development of land,urban population explosion,reduction of green space and biodiversity,deterioration of natural ecological environment...The relationship between man and nature is deteriorating,and sustainable development is under serious threat.Therefore,it is urgent for mountainous urban planning and design needs a kind of adaptive and integrated theory and methods guidance with natural ecological environment.Aimed at this practical problem,and under the contemporary Chinese ecological civilization value-orientation,the complex adaptive system theory and its research paradigm is introduced in this study.Then,on the basis of the analysis about the adaptive characteristics and mechanism of mountainous cities complex system,Changting which is a mountainous city in western Fujian is taken as the empirical object,the paper starts from four aspects of adaptive characteristics analysis of natural ecological,social ecological,landscape ecological and cultural ecological adaptability,to respectively construct spatial growth constraint model of mountainous cities,equity analysis model of urban ecological space layout,urban landscape ecological network system and urban heritage corridor network system,trying to establish an analysis method of ecological adaptive modeling of mountainous urban system and spatial planning system.The basic structure of this paper is composed of three sections including eight chapters.The first part is the basic theory research,composes from the first to the third chapter.On the basis of the background of the subject,significance and the related research progress review,the paper systematically and detailedly expounded the particular ideological annotations of ecological civilization value idea,the concept of ecological adaptability,complex adaptive system theory,landscape ecology theory and methods,to lay a theoretical foundation for the later empirical study.Furthermore,the concept models of four characteristics and three mechanisms of CAS theory are introduced,adaptive characteristics of mountainous cities complex system are summarized from the perspective of space-time evolution.What's more,it constructs the interactive mechanism for spatial development of mountainous cities complex system,on the basis of the systematical analysis on the relationship between spatial complex representation and natural adaptability.Consequently,it can provide an important theoretical guidance for the research of mountainous urban ecological adaptability planning.The second part is the modeling research,it is the main part of the paper composing from the fourth to the seventh chapter.Rapid urbanization causes many aspects of influence,including the natural ecological environment deterioration,ecological security threats,heritage resources annihilation and so on.The influences are even more obvious on the development of mountainous national famous historical and cultural city.Therefore,the national famous historical and cultural city Changting county with typical characteristics is taken as the empirical research object,from the perspective of urban complex ecosystem integrated by nature-society-landscape-culture,four planning space analysis models are developed on the basis of defining four aspects of value connotation for ecological adaptability,including natural ecological,social ecological,landscape ecological and cultural ecological adaptability.(1)From the perspectives of urban social-economic-natural complex ecosystem,the constraint model of spatial growth of mountainous cities is built on the basis of the ecological suitability evaluation and calculation of the ecological carrying capacity.It provide more scientific basis for the confirmation of space growth range and the moderate population scale to promote healthy and sustainable development of mountainous cities.(2)From the perspective of social ecological adaptability,the author measures the equity of ecological space layout in mountainous cities based on the analysis of accessibility of social vulnerable groups and construction of the social vulnerable groups demand index.(3)The ecological sensitivity evaluation and principle of landscape pattern and "patch-corridor-network-matrix-body" mode is introduced into the adaptive landscape ecological planning of mountainous cities.Then,the minimum cumulative resistance model is used to construct the landscape ecological network system from the perspective of maintaining the continuity and integrity of urban landscape pattern.(4)In the perspective of cultural ecological adaptability,using MCR(minimum cumulative resistance)model and GIS(geographic information system)spatial analysis technology,it simulates the space expansion state of heritage experience recreation from the regional level.Furthermore,it analyzes and identifies the suitability of potential areas for heritage corridors.So as to build the urban-region heritage corridor network system based on suitability analysis in Changting.Furthermore,it can completely protect the special value of our natural and cultural heritage resources in the broadest sense,strengthen the overall image of our heritage sites,then to realize the sustainable conservation,inheritance and development of the natural and cultural heritage,as well as the national famous historical and cultural cities.The third part is the conclusion and summary section of the eighth chapter.It forms five important conclusions as follows.First,it reveals the adaptive characteristics of mountainous cities complex system from the perspective of CAS theory.It is influenced and restrained by such factors as natural environment,social and economic development,traffic conditions and landscape ecological environment.Second,from the perspectives of urban social-economic-natural complex ecosystem,the paper respectively constructs the constraint model for space development of mountainous cities and the moderate population scale through the ecological suitability assessment and calculation of ecological carrying capacity.And it establishes space control strategies according to the "four zoning",it has reconstructed a sustainable relationship among human,urban space,landscape and natural system towards mutual evolution and harmonious development.Third,from the perspectives of social ecological adaptability,the paper measures the spatial equity of mountainous urban ecological space based on the accessibility of social vulnerable groups.It shows that accessibility evaluation of social vulnerable groups and the building of demand index can be served as an important methods to measure the equity layout of urban ecological space.Fourth,Based on the characteristics of "aggregation" and "flows" and mechanism of "internal models" and "building blocks" of the complex adaptive system,and from the perspectives of landscape ecological adaptability,the paper constructs the landscape ecological network system of mountainous cities,based on the fundamental properties of the complex adaptive system,to optimize the mountainous urban landscape security pattern.Fifth,from the perspective of cultural ecological adaptability,the paper constructs the heritage corridor network system of mountainous cities based on the minimum cumulative resistance model and the ecological network analysis.So that the conservation of cultural heritage resources and the natural ecological environment can be highly integrated,to establish the adaptive relationship of "culture adapt to nature",thus,it is conducive to systemic and integrated conservation of natural and cultural heritages.The paper forms three aspects of innovations as follows:(1)the research paradigm of complex adaptive system is introduced in the study,it systematically constructs the ecological adaptability analysis model of mountainous cities complex system,and enriches the ecological planning analysis methods of mountainous cities.(2)The paper comes up with equity evaluation model of urban ecological space layout,based on the accessibility of social vulnerable groups and demand index measure,it opens up a new perspective for equity layout of the urban public service facilities.(3)From the holistic perspective of highly integrated of culture and nature,the paper puts forward new ideas for the protection of natural and cultural heritage resources and the national famous historical and cultural cities.