| This study adopts the method of field experiment and indoor analysis,the study first used 12 kinds of alfalfa germplasm materials from home and abroad to designed the comparison experiment to analyze the agronomic characters,which is to screening the high yield and good quality of alfalfa which was suitable to planting in experiment regions;we studied the reasonable research of cultivation technology was tested on this basis,check the density effect of the selected the biological characteristics,yield and the effect of nutritional value of these alfalfas;Finally,according to the reasonable cultivation techniques,using"3414"soil test,screening high-yield,high-quality alfalfa hay production management technology,combining optimization model of theory and computer simulation optimization technology to get the best management technology system of alfalfa in the field.This experiment mainly adopts the experimental design for single factor and double factors test design and the ternary quadratic regression orthogonal experiment design,combined with the regression analysis,correspondence analysis and simulation optimization analysis,analysis methods,such as the specific research conclusionsare as follows.(1)The species of alfalfa affect the nutritional quality and hay yield obviously.Different alfalfa varieties in different years,its yield and nutrition quality had significant differences,through the study of 12 alfalfa varieties in the regional test,determined the yield was12381.30kg/hm~2,significantly higher than any other species(P<0.05).The average of CP of“Zhongmu No.2”was 21.43%in three years,had no significant difference to“Caoyuan No.3”(P>0.05),and significantly higher than other varieties(P<0.05).The average of RFV of“Zhongmu No.2”was 131.66 in three years,significantly higher than other varieties(P<0.05).According to the different values of the coupling effect(CE)of alfalfa yield and RFV,the 12 alfalfa varieties can be divided into three types,the“Zhongmu No.2”belongs to higher CE value,the“Caoyuan No.2”,“Adrenalin”,“Goldempress”,“Caoyuan No.3”,“Sanditi”and“WL903”CE value belongs to mediumvarieties.The CEvalue lower varietieswere“Caribou”,“Queen”,“Sardi”,“WL525”and“Aohan”.Therefore,in area,we suggest that choose“Zhongmu No.2”planting on alfalfa varieties,for which has high quality and high yield.(2)Different row spacing on the alfalfa has distinct effect on the agronomic traits and quality.From green stage to full-bloom stage,with the development of growth period,the plant height and growth rate different showed a trend of increased gradually with different row spacing of“Zhongmu No.2”.In full-bloom stage,the plant height and growth was significantly higher than other when the row spacing was 35 cm of“Zhongmu No.2”(P<0.05).When therow spacing was 35 cm and 25 cm,the branches was the most of“Zhongmu No.2”,and the row spacing was 15 cm,the internode was the longest of“Zhongmu No.2”.With the increase of seeding space,the leaf area showed reduced after the first rise trend from the initial flowering stage to ripening period,when therow spacing was 25 cm,the leaf area was the largest in full-bloom stage and ripening period of“Zhongmu No.2”.With the increase of seeding space,the hay yield and CP showed increased after the reduced trend of“Zhongmu No.2”.When therow spacing was25 cm,the hay yield and CP was the highest of“Zhongmu No.2”,they were10146.39kg/hm~2 and 19.83%,respectively,which were significantly higher than 15 cm and 45 cm(P<0.05).The different stubble times has significantly effect on hay yield and CP of“Zhongmu No.2”(P<0.05),the hay yield and crude protein CP content were higher of the three stubble times with row spacing of 25 cm and 35 cm.The production order from high to low of hay yield of three stubble times was:first stubble time>second stubble time>the third stubble time.Therefore,the suggesting row spacing in area was 25cm of“Zhongmu No.”.(3)The“3414”fertilization experiment showed that the proportion of fertilization of N,P,K has obviously effect on the yield and quality of“Zhongmu No.2”.The best proportion of fertilization hay yield of“Zhongmu No.2”was:P was 49.5 kg/hm~2,K was 87 kg/hm~2,N was 75 kg/hm~2,and the yield was 12348.66kg/hm~2.The best proportion of fertilization of CP of“Zhongmu No.2”was:P was 33 kg/hm~2,K was 131.5 kg/hm~2,N was 75 kg/hm~2 and the RFV was 124.The best proportion of fertilization of RFQ of“Zhongmu No.2”was:P was 33.43 kg/hm~2,K was 83.52 kg/hm~2,N was 71.42 kg/hm~2 and the RFQ was 128.13.Through the yield and the quality,the best proportion of fertilization in area was:P was31.70~33.40 kg/hm~2,K was 78.32~86.05 kg/hm~2,N was 73.08~74.80 kg/hm~2.In conclusion,the result showed when“Zhongmu No.2”was the row spacing was 25cm,P was 31.70~33.40 kg/hm~2,K was 78.32~86.05 kg/hm~2,N was73.08~74.80 kg/hm~2,it had a better performance on biological characteristics,yield and quality and which was suitable to plant widely in large area. |
