| Background1746,was regarded as the "father of dentistry" French Pierre Fauchard wrote the first modern history of the dental textbooks on the gums and teeth between the disease associated,at the same time,it is described that the periodontal deposits are scraped and the necessary gingival resection is the necessary treatment.Russian N.N.Znamensky at the Moscow University to teach oral surgery,1902 first published in the nature of periodontitis is a local or systemic factors,suggesting that dental calculus,inflammation,junctional epithelium migration and other possible causes of periodontal pocket formation theory.German scientist Oskar Weski published in 1921 pattern of bone loss(horizontal and vertical),as an important basis for the diagnosis of periodontal disease.The end of the 19 th century,in addition to gingival dressing,but also into the bone formation and other hard tissue surgical treatment as a necessary means of periodontal therapy.Periodontal therapy can be divided into two treatment methods,surgical and non surgical.Local anesthesia,X-ray invention,the development of recycled materials to bring better prognosis of periodontal surgery and treatment progress,but there are still many physicians and patients continue to use the method of nonsurgical periodontal disease control and maintenance method,antimicrobial photodynamic therapy is a partof nonoperative management.The treatment of light is not new,and the earliest light treatment dates back to the1400 BC.,which is described in the book Atharva of India(Veda).In more than three thousand years ago,ancient Egypt,India and China have light treatment,including rickets,psoriasis,white spot,cartilage disease and skin cancer and other records.In 1900,German medical student Raab found acridine orange stain can make the Paramecium photosensitive death.In the same year,French neuroscientists at J.Prime found that patients with epilepsy suffered from dermatitis following oral administration of eosin.In 1903,Jesionek and Tapperiner smear skin tumors with eosin,and then treated with white light,and proposed the concept of photodynamic effect,while the official publication of photodynamic papers.In 1913,Meyer-Betz himself injected himself with200 mg Hp(Hematoporphyrin,derivatives,HpD)and had an allergic reaction.For the first time,HP has been known to cause skin photosensitivity.Before and after 1956,Samuel Schwartz produced a complex mixed preparation(Hematoporphyrin derivatives,HpD),and observed HpD in the tumor tissue fluorescence localization characteristics better than HP,1959 Lipson master's thesis first reported HpD tumor fluorescence localization Diagnostic characteristics and photodynamic killing effect was significantly better than HP.In 1960,the first ruby laser was invented.From the end of 70 s to the 80 s,the research upsurge of Tumor Photodynamic therapy was formed.In 1975,Kelly proposed a photodynamic therapy for bladder cancer in human trials.After 1980,Yutai(Y.Hayata),Kato(Kato)and others with dye laser for the treatment of light sources,the treatment of early lung cancer,esophageal cancer,gastric cancer.On April 16,1993,Canada approved Photofrin II as a dosing agent for the treatment ofbladder cancer.The application of light therapy in dentistry,also known as anti-microbial Photo Dynamic Therapy(aPDT),has been found in recent years to kill oral pathogens,especially periodontitis,dental caries,implants Periodontitis related pathogens.In addition,in the oral mucosa of precancerous lesions and tumors,photodynamic therapy are deep treatment potential.ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of photodynamic therapy(PDT)on chronic periodontitis,and to investigate the correlation between photodynamic therapy and periodontal probing,bleeding,and periodontal probing depth.Materials and methodsA total of 30 outpatients with periodontal disease were randomly selected,including 16 males and 14 females aged 26 to 81 years with an average age of 53.5years.Treatment is the choice of wavelength 660 mm diode laser,the use of power150 mw continuous wave,methylene blue(0.01% weight / volume)when the light sensor,in the patient's mouth to find two blocks,each block is defined to cover three teeth Area,regardless of whether the teeth are close or spaced apart,in the experimental control we find periodontal health equivalent of teeth,each area covers three teeth,the experimental group of treatment steps are as follows: the first day only partial scaling,the eighth day Including measurement records,local scaling and antibacterial photodynamic therapy,22 days and 36 days also included the measurement records,local scaling and anti-bacterial photodynamic therapy,50 and 80 only to do the measurement records do not do antibacterial light Power therapy.The control group treatment steps are as follows: only local scaling after the first day,the same as the experimental group of follow-up,including measuring records and local scaling.The data collected by Epidata 3.02 software for double entry,with the quantitative data of normal distribution withX±s said,compared with the experimental group and the control group index paired t test method,does not meet the normal distribution of the quantitative variables with the median(four percentile interval)said.Data were compared using the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks method,P<0.05 difference was statistically significant.ResultsThe data showed that there was no statistical difference between the antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and the periodontal probing bleeding(BOP)at BOP1,while there was a statistically significant difference in BOP2,BOP3,BOP4,and BOP5(P<0.05).After treatment,the change of PD in the experimental group and the control group showed that after treatment,except for PD1,Except for PD1,PD2,PD3,PD4 and PD5 in the experimental group were all < Control group,the difference was not statistically significant(all P> 0.05).The treatment of male aPDT efficiency analysis of the experimental group and the control group BOP changes,found that It was found that,in addition to the P values of BOP1 and BOP5> 0.05,BOP2,BOP3,BOP4 were<0.05,on behalf of BOP1,BOP5 difference was not statistically significant,the other differences were statistically significant(P <0.05).Through the analysis of women after aPDT treatment,the experimental group and the control group BOP were found,in addition to BOP1,BOP2 the P>0.05,had no significant difference,BOP3 BOP4 represents,and there was significant difference in BOP5 between(with P<0.05).In addition,In the male group after treatment,the experimental group and the control group were found in the changes in the periodontal detection depth,PD1,PD2,PD3,PD4,PD5,P values are >0.05,so there was no significant difference,so the antimicrobial photodynamic therapy(aPDT)in the periodontal pocket probing depth did not improve the obvious effect.The change of PD in experimental group and controlgroup after female aPDT treatment can be clearly found,that the P values of PD1,PD2,PD3,PD4,PD5 were all> 0.05,statistically no difference(P> 0.05).The comparative analysis of different gender,female control group BOP1,BOP2,BOP3,BOP4,BOP5 values were higher than the control group in male,the difference was not statistically significant,while the experimental group women in addition to the BOP4 value is equal to the experimental group of men,BOP1,BOP2,BOP3,BOP5 values were higher in the experimental group of male,difference there were no statistically significant.The male control group PD1,PD2,PD3 and PD5 were higher than the control group of women,and there was a significant difference between PD1 and PD2,the rest was not significantly different between the experimental group;the female PD1,PD2,PD3,PD4 and PD5 value of the experimental group were higher than male,there were no significant differences.Mild periodontitis patients included 6 patients with mild gingivitis after treatment,the experimental group and the control group(BOP)and the changes of blood detection comparative analysis found that BOP2,BOP3,BOP4,P was <0.05,the differences were statistically significant,the rest of the BOP1 BOP5,the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Mild periodontitis patients after treatment,the experimental group and the control group analysis found that PD1,PD2,PD3,PD4 and PD5 P values were >0.05,the difference was not statistically significant.After treatment of patients with moderate and severe periodontitis,comparative analysis of the experimental group and the control group after the control group BOP1,BOP2,BOP3,BOP4,BOP5 values were higher than the experimental group,except BOP1,there was no significant difference of BOP3,BOP2,BOP4,BOP5,the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).After treatment of patients with moderate and severe periodontitis,the P values of PD1,PD2,PD3,PD4 and PD5 were all >0.05 in comparison between the experimental group and the control group,the difference was not statisticallysignificant.ConclusionsIn this study,we found that photodynamic therapy has a significant effect on periodontal probing bleeding BOP,but the effect on periodontal pocket depth PD is not obvious.Light sensitizers,special wavelengths of light and oxygen are the three main key factors in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy.Traditional periodontal treatment is very important,antimicrobial photodynamic therapy can be used as an adjuvant therapy,antibacterial photodynamic therapy will not let the bacteria produce resistance,for bleeding gums and gingival swelling treatment is better,for periodontal Changes in the depth of pocket detection have less effect. |
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