Underwater Archaeology Research Based On GIS In Fujian Province

As one who has power of the maritime country, China, her history goes back to ancient times, which is famous for maritime silk road in the world. For thousands of years of history in the long river, it has created a brilliant blue civilization which leaves us a rich of underwater cultural heritage. With the new round of global wave of "to return to the ocean" for blue development arriving, coastal areas, the development of high strength significantly seriously threatens the safety of the underwater cultural heritage. Therefore, detection and protection of the underwater cultural relics on the coastal areas is extremely urgent. Scientific, rational, proactive detection and protection of underwater cultural heritage has became the attention topic by underwater archaeologists and managers.The methods used by our traditional underwater archaeological investigation and the protection of cultural relics sites work methods exist many problems, Therefore, this article introduces GIS technology in underwater archaeology, underwater exploration and underwater excavations of information as the basis for research, establishing underwater archaeology GIS, realizing the underwater archaeological data spatialization, and realizing funtion including archaeological data multi-source access, management, data processing, information retrieval, archaeological environment simulation, spatial analysis and decision-making, etc. Detection area, diving and probing, exploring programs for archaeologists to develop decision making, and provide reference programs and learn from the case. Study of the spatial patterns of underwater archaeological data using GIS spatial analysis methods to explore the ancient navigation technology and trade routes; studing ancient Chinese maritime transportation history, foreign trade; understanding of the marine environment, the level of development of the country's political, economic, productivity and marine culture, and reproducing the "maritime Silk Road" prosperity grand.In this paper, the main work is in the following four aspects:1. The concept of underwater archaeological geographic information system is proposed based on the discussion of archaeology, environmental archaeology, geography information science. This paper researches the underwater archaeology and archaeological geography information system at present, and prospects the developing trends both inside and outside China to discuss the significance of GIS underwater archaeological study.2. Through the analysis of existing problems of the current underwater archaeological work,this paper puts forward the means and methods of underwater archaeological study working process, in order to solve the shortcomings of traditional methods in underwater archaeology.3. Spatial analysis techniques of GIS have been conducted in this research to analyze the environmental factors which have an influence on the survey of underwater archeology. The underwater cultural sites have been found in Fujian Province are taken as a case study and the spatial distribution characteristics of this kind of sites have been revealed.4. A model is set up based on the spatial distribution characteristics of the underwater cultural sites. The author tries to find out the useful clues for archeology from this model and predict the possible spatial distribution of the underwater cultural sites within the sea area in Fujian. This paper also provides the basis for the survey of underwater archeology.Research shows that, the GIS support, has supply a comprehensive database of Underwater Archaeology and spatial analysis functions, making the detection of underwater archaeology and research more scientific and initiative, but also making the underwater archaeological research field of vision is more broader.Combining GIS with underwater archaeology, can comprehensively, dynamically access, storage, management, and analysis of underwater archaeological information, to provide a multi-level, multi-angle's three-dimensional data to support the detection and management of underwater cultural relics and optimization proposals, for further improving the survey, protection and management play an important role in the underwater cultural relics. And digital is the only way which the underwater archaeological must be pssed.Spatial analysis method has more superiority than traditional archaeology. Through spatial analysis method to analyse known submerged wreck site in Pingtan sea, this article summed up the distribution characteristics of the wreck and its laws, and obtained underwater archaeological's focus area for exploration.