Research On The Construction Of Ma Zheng Of The Nanjing National Government

Since the late Qing Dynasty and the early days of the Republic of China,Because of China turbulent society,The animal husbandry administration lax,The social environment of animal husbandry has been destroyed,The quantity and quality of China's horse has declined,Which these severely restricted the development of social economy and Army horse supplement.After the September 18th incident,China's national defense crisis was deepened increasingly,Nanjing KMT government began to step up planning for the construction of national defense and the armament,For one thing,promoting the construction of modernation national defense and the armament at the same time,on the other hand,The importance of Horse administration which related to the rise and fall of the feudal dynasty in the cold weapon era was also stressed in the military by military and political circles,Horse administration gradually was put on the agenda of the KMT government.In view of horse administration faced the severe situation and with difficulties of Army horse supplement,the Nanjing KMT government has set up Horse administration Committee,Horse administration Bureau and other central management agencies,And sent officials to go abroad study,and developed a long-term plan of Horse administration Construction by drawing on the foreign Horse administration model,and relevant laws and regulations with the management of Army horse,which has started the construction of the Horse administration around in order to increase the number of horse production and improve the quality of horse production as the center of the work,In order to solve the problem of the quota of horses in the construction of the army and strengthened the construction of national defense and the armament,To deal with the international war situation.The Army horse was decreasing because of the decline of physical ability of China horse since the late Qing Dynasty and the early days of the Republic of China,Therefore,to promote the improvement of domestic horse breeds has become one of the main contents of the KMT government Horse administration construction.The horse breeds improvement need to cultivate sufficient number Thoroughbred,therefore,The military department established some horse breeding ranch,introduction of foreign thoroughbred,And In order to domestic bred thoroughbred through the domestic and male hybrid.After the outbreak of the Anti Japanese war,Horse breeding farm set up station in the western region and promoted folk horse improved breeding.At the same time,In order to make the work of Horse breed improvement of rule-based,the KMT government has promulgated the standards of state ranch Horse breed improvement.However,due to a limited number of foreign thoroughbred,Coupled with the impact of war,Horse breeding farm horse breeding station has not been set up widely,and It was difficult to achieve the purpose of improving the reproduction folk horses universally.Even so,The KMT government Horse administration construction in the western region where has promoted the development of social and economic development in the border areas was not without benefits.Local civil society is widely source of Army horse,Therefore,to promote the development of local horse industry has become one of the central task of Horse administration construction.In order to improve the quantity and quality of the local horse,The military department has issued a series of incentive measures in protection of folk production of horse and mule in order to promote local Horse administration construction.Under the initiative of The KMT government,The provinces were committed to local government construction work by Establishing horse ranch,Holding the mule production loans,Promoting the horse breeding,Prohibitting the slaughter of horses and mules,Holding horse racing match.This not only reflected The KMT central government policy in the operation conditions of local,but also has a positive role in promoting local horse industry and even the entire social economic development.The KMT central government protecting the local production of horse policy was the lack of a thorough implementation of a good social environment because of The effects of the war continuously,In fact,the implementation process was also greatly reduced,which has influenced the development of local industry objectively.Horse administration construction needs a lot of talent,and other aspects of the relevant veterinary.The Nanjing KMT government has trained Horse administration professionals by rectifying army veterinary school of the late Qing Dynasty and the early days of the Republic of China.The Department of the Army Veterinary School of higher learning was the largest number of animal husbandry and veterinary personnel training in the period of Republic of China,in addition,In order to solve the problem of local animal husbandry and veterinary personnel shortage and the need to promote local government construction,The central government's relevant agencies and local provinces through training courses and all kinds of short-term higher education mode,enhanced the training of Horse administration personnel.However,due to the relative lag of animal husbandry and veterinary higher education and vocational and technical education,And influenced by the traditional professional prejudice,have made which the animal husbandry and veterinary personnel has been in a state of shortage.Talent shortage had a negative impact on Horse administration construction.Army horse supplement and preservation were the most core content of land army Horse administration construction,the Nanjing KMT government tried to establish the mechanism of the conventional charger supplement through the rectification of Chahar army Ranch,The establishment and extension of military grazing area in Gansu and Qinghai area,Establishment Army Horse Supplement mechanism and the other measures.In view of the need a large number of Army horse supplement during the Anti Japanese war,The military department set up a provisional organization purchase horse and mule,and sent staff to the rear purchase Army horse,and collected a large number of horses from the civil society by "with horses instead of men" and other measures for army wide social mobilization.In view of the need for conservation work of the army horse,The military department has formulated the horse feed and veterinary health equipment supply mode and payment standard,And the establishment of the army horse grain warehouse,veterinary equipment.base,veterinary hospital,such as health and epidemic prevention institutions which has increased the horse conservation and injury treatment horse and mule.During the Anti Japanese War,the land Army horse supplement played an active role in the war of resistance against Japan and the world war against fascism.The modern China was weak and poor,Domestic social unrest,The prosperity of the border area of livestock crisis followed coming one after another,In particular,the Japanese invasion of China which the main Horse production region of the north and Northeast China were destroyed,Coupled with the northwest and southwest regions in the warlord state,National central administration was not smooth,the Nanjing KMT government directly controlled the horse resources continually to shrink,these made which The KMT government promoted the work of Horse administration construction caused adverse effects.Among them,Continuous War at home and abroad was one of the most important decisive factors restricting The horse administration,The construction of Horse administration of the KMT government,as other domestic construction was drowned in the vortex of war,and could not achieved expected goals.