Moral Consciousness And Its Realization

Morality is a peculiar phenomenon of human society.The history of mankind shows the course of morality developing from naturally spontaneous to freely conscious.Or it could be said that human morality has always been on the way to moral consciousness.Nowadays,we are at the critical moment of economic globalization,cultural diversification,social transformation and deepening reform,and inevitably will be facing lots of contradictions resulting from multiple,diversified interests and behavior choices.One cannot do without the moral consciousness of people in order to deal with and solve these contradictions so as to build a harmonious society.The profound and systematic study of moral consciousness is not only an important but also a both theoretical and practical advanced research.This paper mainly relies on the following logic to study on moral consciousness:(1)the realistic basis of moral consciousness study;(2)the basic theoretical problems of moral consciousness study;(3)the rules forming moral consciousness;(4)the means realizing moral consciousness.To be more specifically,our moral consciousness study consists of two parts,fundamental research and applied research.On one hand,fundamental research tries to solve three major issues including the value of moral consciousness study,the theoretical resources of moral consciousness study,the connotation and nature of moral consciousness.On the other hand,applied research tries to solve the inherent mechanism forming moral consciousness together with the steps and the means realizing moral consciousness.Fundamental theoretic research provides supports for applied research,while applied research provides references for social moral construction.These two parts are interlocking and trying to answer the questions of why should we study moral consciousness,what is moral consciousness,how to form a moral consciousness and how to achieve moral consciousness in the practice of education.The paper consists of five parts.The first part mainly elaborates the value of studying moral consciousness.How to realize moral consciousness is a major realistic problem dealing with diversified thoughts and social transformation,as well as an urgent problem that needs to find an answer.The paper states that the study of the formation and development of moral consciousness is not only the necessity to improve one's noble quality,to build one's spiritual world so as to promote one's comprehensive development,but also the exploration in time to comply with the idea of democratic and equal moral education,to adapt to the complex and varied contents of moral education so as to achieve the purpose of self-construction of moral education and to respond to the development of moral education of the era,and even more,the requirements to promote the building of a civilized and harmonious society,to deepen the implementation of the strategy of governing the country by virtue so as to promote the strategic and sustainable development of the society.The second part mainly reviews the theoretical resources of moral consciousness.Marxist theory of moral consciousness mainly involves the theory of consciousness,the human subjectivity theory,the human needs theory,the theory of social consciousness,the theory of human's comprehensive development,the conversion theory from the inevitable to the free kingdom,the development theory from spontaneous to conscious and the unified theory of knowledge and practice.Traditional Chinese moral consciousness theory mainly involves the subjectivity theory of moral consciousness such as self-evident,self-realization,self-discipline,righteousness of the core theory of moral self-conscious which values loyalty and ignores profit,the hierarchical moral consciousness theory for different people from villains,patriots,gentlemen,virtuous men and saints,the formation theory of moral consciousness including studying the essence of things,attaining knowledge,sincerity,righteousness and self-cultivation.The western theory of moral consciousness mainly involves the moral education theories such as the moral development theory,the value clarification theory,the moral concern theory and the moral freedom theory.The third part analyzes and tries to prove the essential connotation of moral consciousness.Through the analysis of different concepts about moral consciousness,we argue that moral consciousness is the understanding,recognition,recognition,selection,internalization and practice of the dominant morality in a certain society by certain groups of people.The study of moral consciousness will reflect the consciousness on the requirements of diversified interests,the interest relationships among various people and the adjustment of interest choices,which will reveal the essence of moral consciousness that is the consciousness of subjectives distinguishing private and public interests.The development of moral consciousness has the characteristics of subjectivity,introspection,selectivity,self-discipline,practice and persistence.The thesis points out that the content of moral consciousness in our country should cover our traditional moral consciousness,the moral consciousness about socialist revolution and the more advanced moral consciousness about socialist construction.The fourth part summarizes the formation mechanism of moral consciousness.This paper clarifies the whole process of moral consciousness starting from moral cognition to moral identity,moral formation,moral externalization and moral sublimation.It comes to conclude five formation mechanisms including the consciousnesses of moral awareness,moral value,moral cultivation,moral practice and moral development.It also explores comprehensively five formation rules about moral consciousness such as the unified rule of subjectives and objectives,the rule of interaction,the rule of penetration and integration,the conversion rule from both internally and externally,and the spiral development rule.The fifth part explores the possible means of realizing moral consciousness.It starts from both inside and outside factors affecting moral consciousness and comes to five possible means of realizing moral consciousness respectively in the end.The first means is about the self-examination of the subjectives including awakening of conscience,self-introspection,self-discipline,self-discipline.The second is through education such us self-conscious,deepening interaction,the selectivity of contents and innovative education ways.The third is through interpersonal tempering including interaction of subjectives,the humanistic care,and the incentive through competition.The fourth includes policy orientation,system guaranteeing,law solidification and other institutional norms.The fifth mainly deals with the environments including the application of hardware and software,the promoting of internal and external environment,the governance of actual and virtual environment.