Study On The Relationship Between The Tang Dynasty And Khitan

Khitan is an ancient nation in the north of China,and it was recorded in historical records in the Northern Wei Dynasty.Khitan began to send envoy to the Northern Wei Dynasty,connection with the Northern Wei Dynasty,the Northern Wei Dynasty emperor of TaiWu(437AD).The Khitan people with other ethnic groups around the pass to make trade,and the adjacent tributary to resist process.The relationship between the tribes became increasingly close,and the eight ancient parts of the Khitan were formed in the late Northern Wei Dynasty.Khitan began to become stronger in the late Northern Wei Dynasty.In the early years,Khitan sent troops to attack ROEN in the North,gaining momentum,harassing the Northern Qi Dynasty from time to time over northern border to the south,counterbalancing the powerful Turkic people in the West.Gradually Khitan intervened in the competition between the strong ethnic groups in the North.In 553AD,The Northern Qi Dynasty broke the Khitan.After that,Khitan was attacked by the Turkic.Khitan was once in decline.The Sui Dynasty the name of a kalpa Four years(584AD),Khitan tribes had an audience to the Sui Dynasty.The links between the tribes began to be strengthened.And from the original eight parts of the ancient ten parts.Their active region is still centered on the Lao HH River.In the early years of the Tang Dynasty,the Khitan tribes formed a stable tribal alliance.It is still divided into eight parts.In the early days of the Tang Dynasty,the Tang Dynasty was linked to the Khitan.In 628AD,the head of Khitan submitted to the Tang Dynasty.In 629AD,the head of Khitan pay a formal visit the Tang Dynasty again.Emperor Taizong of the Tang bestow drum to Khitan,often tributing to the Tang Dynasty from then on.In 648AD,the head of Khitan,KUGE submit to the Tang dynasty.The Tang dynasty established military governor of Songmo to control Khitan,attaching to governor's office of Yingzhou,Youzhou.In 628AD,Kuge was appointed the commanding army.The governor's office of Yingzhou arrogant on Khitan during Empress Wu,a rebellion was broken out by the Khitan leader.Khitan was suppressed.Henceforth Khitan attached to the Turkic.In the reign of Emperor Li Longji,Khitan submitted to the Tang Dynasty over again.The Tang Dynasty had for the marriage with Khitan.During this period,the relationship between Khitan and the Tang Dynasty was good times and bad.In 745AD,Khitan leader Li Huaixiu killed the Princess with rebellion.From then on,the Tang Dynasty and Khitan began to break up and continue the war.After Anlushan Rebellion,the Tang began to decline.Khitan dealed between the Tang Dynasty and the strong family of Turkic,Uighur,until the end of the Tang Dynasty.The Tang Dynasty was replaced in 907AD.Yelv abaoji pushed for the Khitan tribe long Alliance.During the Five Generation period,Khitan began to become a powerful national regime in the North gradually.In 916AD,Baoji officially became the Emperor,establishing the Khitan state power.Overall,In Tang Gaozu,Emperor Taizong,Emperor Xuanzong Kaiyuan period,the relationship between the Tang Dynasty and Khitans is peaceful.Under the supportting of the Tang Dynasty,Khitan developed rapidly.And under the balance policy of the Tang Dynasty,Khitan can eventually develop into a powerful nation in the north from a weaker nation.In addition to the strong vitality of Khitan's own nation,it is inseparable from the national policy of the Tang Dynasty.Therefore,it was a very important stage for the development of Khitan in the course of the whole Tang Dynasty.It laid the foundation for the establishment of the Khitan nationality in the future.Hence,it is crucial to Khitan for the relationship between the Tang Dynasty and Khitan.The main content of this study is about the management of the Tang Dynasty to Khitan.The interaction between the two parties on the political,economic,social,cultural and military effects of the time,the evolution of the relationship between the Khitan nation and the Tang Dynasty.The paper is composed of four parts.The first chapter is the administration of the Tang Dynasty to the Khitan.First of all,the Tang Dynasty how to control Khitan,military governor of Songmo was intercalated,Khitan leaders was as to be hostage in the Tang Dynasty with instillation of culture and etiquette,enhancing the identity and sense of belonging of the Khitan nationality to the Tang Dynasty.Secondly,at the same time,the Tang Dynasty carried out military control to Khitan.The military institutions was installed in Khitan residential area,monitoring trends of Khitan.The second chapter is about the marriage between the Tang Dynasty and Khitan,in order to stabilize the control of the Northeast in the Tang Dynasty,supportting Khitan.During the period of Tang Xuanzong,four marriage carried out,a large amount of material reward and support to Khitan,the aim is to close the northeast to the post Turks and to fight against the Korean Peninsula and Bohai's threat to the Tang Dynasty.The effect was not achieved,in virtue of taking credit for Emperor Xuanzong,trapping and killing the Khitan people.Contradiction was lare-uped,the princess was killed.However,the economic and cultural exchanges between the two sides have been promoted through unition of marriage to a certain extent.The third chapter is about the economic and cultural exchanges between the Tang Dynaty and Khitan.It was conducted for the economic contacts between the Tang government and the Khitan,the reward of the Tang government to Khitan,the tribute of Khitan,frontier trade,and so on.It had an important impact on both sides.Especially Khitan had greatly improved the level of the nation's development by communication with all aspects of the Tang Dynasty.The occurrence of trade makes up for the lack of both sides.The Khitan nationality gained great development during the Tang Dynasty.It has directly led to its strength in the late Tang and Five Dynasties.This is closely linked to the Tang Dynasty's national policy.The fourth chapter is about military war between the Tang Dynasty and Khitan,discussing military war and general situation of the Tang Dynasty and Khitan in various periods.The war occurred mainly in the period of Wu Zetian's ruling and in the reign of Tang Xuanzong.The cause of the war between the two sides is also expounded:It was the reason that the implementation of the national policy of the Tang Dynasty and Tang Xuanzong exploited the border by force and the growing strength of the Khitan people's strength,meanwhile,including many subjective and objective factors such as the enhancement of the sense of self-reliance of the nation.The occurrence of the war had,and caused a certain impact on both sides.War led to the decline of the one Khitan tribe and the rise of another Khitan tribe.The war made northeast border tight during the Xuanzong period.Greater power was given to commanding general.Rebellion of An and Shi erup was broke.In a word,the Tang Dynasty was an important period for the development of Khitan.Through the political and economic ties with the Tang Dynasty,the cultural level of the Khitan was constantly improved,the power was growing,and the state was gradually transferred to the state form,and finally,the tribal alliance entered into the establishment of the state power.In 907AD,the chief of the tribe,A Baoji became the leader of the Qidan tribe alliance.In 916AD,A Baoji formally established the Khitan regime.