Research On The National Identity Of Jingzhen Village

Chinese is a nation where multi-ethnics coexist, national identity is not only the core problem of the nation, but also an important guarantee for national unity and stability. Therefore, building, consolidating and enhancing national identity, especially for minority groups, is an important historical issues facing the country.The history of the Xishuangbanna Dai area (hereinafter referred to asDaiLe) has been under the rule of the "Tusi", the central government failed to impose political influence into Daile social grass-roots village. This situation is fundamentally changed after the NewChina is founded, the party and the government makepolitical influence penetrate to ordinary DaiLe villages through effective communication of a series of ethnic policies and make ordinary DaiLe people realize the national identity construction gradually.Then,how does this transform happen,; how does the concept of the country gradually infiltrated into frontier minority villages, how is the national identity step by step constructed in minority nationalitie;meanwhile what role does communication play and how it works in those process above.These questions are very important undoubtedly derserve futher discusion,specially in the situation where the nation identity of minority nationalities is getting more and more attention.Based on the considerations above, this paper inergratedly uses method of historical research and ethnographic study to investigates how the feudal regimes before the establishment of New China implement ethnic policy;meanwhile, the author tries to answer those questions above in the deep analysis of the current ethnic policy by contrasting the ethnic policy when New China established, tries to study the construction process of the national identityof DaiLe villagehow from the point view of political communication and hopes to summarize the beneficial enlightenment for the current national identity construction in ethnic minority areas. JingDaiVillage is a case of this study,but as a pure Dai village,the result can be adapted to other Dai village.Further,as a minority community,theJingDai village also has certain reference significance for the problem of communication and culture adaptation in the constructionof national identity in ethnic minority.Through this research,this paper finds the following results:(1) Before the establisment of New China, DaiLe countryside was still in the era of feudal serfdom, DaiLe village,which was under the rule of "Tusi", has been on the verge of national political rule, the policy "GaiTuGuiLiu" implmented by rulers of several generations was not fully successful and the concept of nationa didnot penetrate into the interior DaiLe villages.In the eyes of ordinary people in DaiLe village,the "Tusi" politic does matter,but the national identity doesnot. Although the government of the Republic of China made relatively reasonable national policy, but its communication is unsuccessful. Therefore, its political influence can not enter into DaiLe villages and can not affect the ordinary masses of DaiLe. Thus, the concept of state can not seep into the villages inside, and the national identity of the government of the republic of China cannot be generated among the ordinary people of DaiLe.However, in the era of feudal lords and in the case of the absence of central dynasty 'Tusi" politic in the DaiLe society won a great success in the costruction and development of DaiLe society.Through the intermediary of temples,"Tusi" completed its construction of identity politics in general DaiLe masses. From the point of view of political communication, the communication method which intergrate with everyday life should be fulllyappreciated. The outstanding feature of communication in DaiLe is full adaption to the cultural background and the mind of audience.Through the intermediary of temples, rulers and ordinary people achieve a sense of shared meaning of communication, through which "Tusi" politics construct their identity.(2) After the establishment of New China, the party and the government start to carry out political reform in the frontier minority areas according to the interes of ethnic minorities,whose main content is "ethnic equality, ethnic unity" and main aim is establishing autonomous government for ethnic minorities. Eventually, the party and the government win a success of socialist transformation in DaiLe society,the influence of nation gradually enter into DaiLe villages,the indentity toward the party and the government is preliminarily generated and the DaiLe region is fully under the unified management of the central governmentin the first time.Different from "GaiTuGuiLiu" in history, the policy of regional national autonomy is a historical progress and is the only correct basic policy and for the solution of the national problems.During thecommunication process, thr ough various forms of "work team" the party and the government communicate withJingZhen Village people face to face frequentlyin daily life and carry out ethnic policythrough "land reform","poverty relief","medical aid'.Meanwhile, the whole communication process fully respect Daile people's cultural custom and religious belief,which makes people of Daile accept and recognize the nation. Finally, the ethnic policy implemented by the party and the government is widely accepted through this communication process,,the influence of nation gradually enter into DaiLe villages,the indentity toward the party and the government is gradually generated among ordinary people in DaiLe.(3)After entering the new period of the reform and opening-up, the party and the state timely adjust ethnic policies, reshape the country image by setting things right, consolidate and strengthen the regional national autonomy, take economic construction as the center of politics to fully develop the political,economy, culture career of ethnic minorities,and eventually make minority areas achieve great economic and social development. The communication of ethnic policies during this period is fundamentally based on interpersonal communication, the party's ethnic policies achieve its communication effect in the process of accomplishing ethnic policiesthrough the township nd village cadres implementing ethnic policies among village household. DaiLe people recognize and comprehendethnic policies while get life benefits. Notably, during this period, with broader social interaction, DaiLe people acquire deep nationla identity by contrasting the national conditions of life at home with situations abroad, which,to some degree extant,is also a way to realizing national influence and identity through communication.(4)In order to make the research more specific and targeted, this paper takes "spread the spirit of the Third Plenary Session of the Eighteen "as an example to detailly study the propagation proc ess of this information in JingZhen village.The result indicates that" the spiritof the Third Plenary Session of the eighteen Communist Party of Chinese" is not well received by the mass communication of JingZhen village,which can be accounted for the "subjective absence"of vilagers for their lack of knowledge and can also be accounted for "objective absence"due to the daily habits and the housing structure of DaiLe.In this way,thecommunication of " the spirit of the Third Plenary Session of the eighteen Communist Party of Chinese" presents the characteristics of vertical network scatter distribution" in the organization network of JingZhen. Further, the effect of key nodes in this system don't play rightly, resulting in the propagation process of the top-down, the more grass-roots level, the dissemination effect worse, till in the end of the propagation process--the frontier minority rural ordinary villagers there-the pirit of "the Third Plenary Session of the eighteen Communist Party of Chinese"have disappeared and there is little left.The communication of " the pirit of the Third Plenary Session of the eighteen Communist Party of Chinese " is fundamentally to make the people of all ethnic groups to listen to the party and the country's voice, and get recognition acceptance and identification through communication. If the individual actors construct their own identity through meaning, the disappearance of meaningof key nodes in JingZhen Village in the transmission of the pirit of "the Third Plenary Session of the eighteen Communist Party of Chinese"means that the masses can not achieve the national identity through the sharing of the pirit of "the Third Plenary Session of the eighteen Communist Party of Chinese"Thus,it can be seen that the current construction of national identity of JingZhen village mainly still depends on the implementation of the party's policy of cadre at the basic level. People in DaiLe gain life benefits due to the policy implementation,and then construct identity toward the party and nationa in gratitude. Political communication,which is carried out by daily media,rarely advance the national identity of DaiLe people because of its weakening communication effect.Meanwhile, the operation of mass communication andorganizational communication of JingZhen Village also shows, there are conflicts between the propagation model and village culture in JingZhen Village,which is not only reflected in the mass media content coding mode, but also in the choice of time, even if the organization communication system is participated by the village cadres, the communication will have no effect because of itsadministrative megaphone pattern.Through these studies, we found that at different times, the government would use the political communication to communicate with the up and the down, win hearts and minds, coodinate and integrate the interest of various social classes, ethnic groups, groups.However, differences in the way of political communication leads to different degrees of national identity in minority ethnic groups. This paper argues that the correct policy is the basis of exerting political influence in ethnic minority areas and effective communication process is the prerequisite for the effect of ethnic policies. Communication should take the characteristics of the masses into full consideration and accomdate with national culture,which is a necessary condition to achieve the effect of political communication in ethnic minority areas and advance the national identity of the ordinary people through politic communication.