Social Stratification Research From The Perspective Of Social Capital

Since the reform and opening, structure of social stratum has changed profoundly in our country. It means that the original working class, peasant and the intellectual all changed with the arising new social strata. Stratification broke the constraints of social members from original identity of society and the working unit system, and revealed the progress the society:"from identity to contract". Meanwhile, process of stratification also caused many problems, such as the tension and conflict of relationship between strata, trend of social stratum solidification, survival plight of vulnerable strata, elites'alliance and production. All the problems has affected the social harmony and social development, and becoming the urgent issues to be solved during the process of modernization.This paper analyses classical theory of social stratification and social capital, and adopt the analytical paradigm of social capital theory through analyzing the internal connection between social stratification and social capital. Social capital has active effect on the flow of social strata and the achieving status. Social capital can help social members to achieve status upward mobility upward, play an important role for social members to apply for job, helpful to coordinate the relationship between strata. However, it also has negative effects on the exclusive nature of social capital strengthening the closure and alliance, and the imbalance of social capital worsening the plight of weak groups and caused the social inequality.On the Basis of analytical paradigm of social capital, this paper analyzed the issues caused by stratification. The tension of relationship between social strata has a direct link with the reduce of social capital; decreasing social trust and the lack of norms intensified the labor conflicts; the lack of social relation network is aggravating the predicament of vulnerable groups; the trend of social stratum solidification linked with the imbalance of social capital; differences of family social capital spawned solidification; imbalance of social capital for urban and rural aggravated the solidification; the differences of social capital in higher education shaped solidification; Elites'alliances and reproduction and the abuse of social capital has Causal relationship; powerful social networks consolidated the elites'alliance; the exclusive nature of social capital strengthening the elites'closure; intergenerational transmission of social capital led to the elites'reproduction.According to the analysis of stratification with the paradigm of social capital, this paper puts forward some countermeasures of social capital to solve the problems?It should play the active role of social capital in stratification through the ways of reconstruction of social trust to solve social strata contradictions, and reshaping social norms to promote strata harmony; and enhancing participatory network to increase strata identity. It also could suppressing the negative effects of social capital in stratification through the normative use of elites' social capital, containing excessive inequality of social capital, digesting closing function of social capital. The Cultivation and development of social capital for vulnerable strata is quite necessary, such as deepening the reform of household registration system to increase the stock of social capital for peasant workers, establishing mixed social security system to cultivate social capital for laid-off workers, promoting reform of higher education to boost the balance of social capital. Besides that, the multiple paths should be cultivated to expand social capital through playing the role of government to cultivate social capital, exerting core values education to foster social capita, drawing on traditional experience and thoughts to cultivate social capital.