The New-type Urbanization In The Field Of Policy Science:Goals,Network And Instruments Selection

The new-type urbanization is an objective historical process of China's social and economic development,and also a process of social development which is strongly guided by the government policy.After the National New-Type Urbanization Planning was basically completed determining the new urbanization as an important national development strategy,it became the focus of the problem as to how to promote the effective realization of the new urbanization or how to implement the new urbanization policy effectively.Therefore the new-type urbanization should be observed and studied from the policy science theoretical perspective.There are four important problems about new-type urbanization:what exactly is the new-type urbanization?What will the new-type urbanization achieve?What is the new-type urbanization realized with?How is the new urbanization realized?The key variables that affect the realization of new urbanization:new-type urbanization itself and its environment,the new urbanization policy goals,the new urbanization policy network,the choice of new urbanization policy tools.Only using comparative study,systematic research,the combination of qualitative and quantitative research and other research methods,and making in-depth analysis of these variables,can suggestions made on promoting the realization of new-type urbanization effectively.First,the understanding of new-type urbanization.Policy issue is the starting point of policy analysis.It is the starting point to know the essence of new-type urbanization to understand all the problems.The understanding of new urbanization should not be subjective,namely the new is good and the old is bad.Typological interpretation is more suitable for the new urbanization.In the historical coordinate of world urbanization type and its own stage of development,according to the standard of differentiating the relation between the rapid urbanization and resource allocation method,the Chinese urbanization is a new type besides the urbanization under market economy and planned economy,namely new-type urbanization is the gradual urbanization of the gradual transition of Chinese system and urbanization overlap under the guidance of the government,with the "pursuit of stability" as its inherent characteristic.The path dependence of transformation makes urbanization have deep historical system features.It is now at a new stage of new urbanization's quality improvement,the biggest environmental variable is the new economic normal.The new urbanization needs to adapt to the changes brought by economic new normal,promote the financial basis transformation of the sustainable development of new urbanization,achieve urbanization development mode change,and ultimately improve the quality of urbanization.Second,the policy goals of new-type urbanization.The goal is an importance standard to measure the success or failure of the policy.Through setting the appropriate goals and interpreting goals,the difficulty of realizing the policy can be adjusted.In a certain sense,the realization of the new urbanization is the realization of the policy goals.The goals of new-type urbanization policy are often divided into substantive and instrumental goals.According to the above understanding of the new urbanization,there is no doubt that the socialist core values should be deeply embodied in substantive goals in China,most importantly,philosophies of efficiency,stability and justice should be reflected.Efficiency is the inherent requirement of new urbanization.Urbanization itself indicates efficiency improvement.Stability is an important constraint determined by the features of the new urbanization,but justice is the important guarantee and fundamental pursuit of the new urbanization,which contains many ideas.Instrumental goals are the conditions which helps to realize substantive goals.Budget constraint goals are the most important,for new-type urbanization,the budget spending of the citizenry cost is a top priority,directly affect the behavior of local government.Third,the new-type urbanization policy network.The main interest-related subjects of urbanization are interdependent.With reference to the classic classification of Roots,the new urbanization process has formed a policy network which is formed with policy communities,intergovernmental networks,professional networks,producer networks and issue networks.Through interaction between the networks,especially the comprehensive coordination of the network interests and opinions affect the new urbanization process directly.The concrete implementation of urbanization policies and achievement of goals.relies on this network,and that interaction of network structure was guided by the policy objectives It is necessary to perfect the effective management of the policy network from openning up network to outsides and breaking crystallizd network connection to improve the implementation level of the new urbanization policy.Fourth,policy tool of new-type urbanization.Based on the concept of contingency,the implementation of the new urbanization policy is essentially the selection process of the policy tools of new urbanization.Through the combination of the classic policy tool classification method of Michael Howlett and M.Remash and the specific characteristics of the new urbanization,the policy"toolbox" of new-type urbanization is built.In general,the selection of policy tool has five typical research approaches,namely,traditional tools,correction tools,institutionalism,public choice,policy network,through the integration of which,the most critical factors influencing the policy tool were concluded:policy and its goals,the characteristics of the tool itself,the background of the application of the tool,policy network and the social environment,based on these factors,it is targeted to select policy tools combined the process of historical development with the reality of the development,the emphasis is to adhere to priority principle of the market policy,policy tools for "stability" and tool's stability,to construct a tool combination to promote the transformation of financial basis,to improve efficiency through the improvement of policy network management and so on,which facilitate the new-type urbanization.