A Comparative Research Of Peasant Differentiation And Socail Integration In The East And West

Issue of agriculture,the countryside and farmers is the fundamental issue of Chinese revolution and construction.And promoting rural social integration is an important aspect of social harmony.The peasant differentiation in China is an inevitable phenomenon in the process of modernization.Since modernization means industrialization and urbanization,which means that the large number of agricultural population is transformed into non-agricultural population,proved not only by the modernization process of western countries but also by the industrialization in eastern China.As the structure of social stratum in China presents differentiation,the peasant differentiation also appears.The peasantry differentiation greatly promotes the development of rural areas,becoming a direct driving force for rural social development and achievement of the goal of a moderately prosperous society.At the same time,there are some social problems in the process of peasant differentiation,which is also one of the primary problems for government to coordinate urban and rural development and to realize social harmony.Therefore,the study of peasantry differentiation and social integration is the inevitable demand of the transformation reality and the realization of the Scientific Outlook on Development,and also the focus of the academic circles.Peasant differentiation in China regards market as mechanism and bases on occupation.According to the historical process,the differentiation of peasants in China is mainly divided into three types:peasant differentiation of occupational conversion and identity restriction in the 1980s;peasant differentiation of regional mobility in the 1990s;the balanced development of peasant differentiation since 2000.The historical process of peasant differentiation is decided by market reforms,rural industrialization,urbanization,household registration reform,etc.Changes of rural social structure promote the process of rural modernization,but at the same time it inevitably brings some negative effects.In order to alleviate the class contradictions and social problems in the change of the rural structure,the Chinese party and government put forward some interest adjustment thoughts,and adopt a series of policies and measures,including implementing contract system,carrying out diversified economy,trying and developing villagers' autonomy,the great western development strategy,rural poverty alleviation,urban and rural overall development and so on,which play a significant role on the rural economic development.During the process of peasantry differentiation,great differences exists in the eastern and western areas,showed in occupations,income and consumption.The peasantry differentiation in Zhejiang and Sichuan has some similarities but also distinct differences.In both interior of Zhejiang and Sichuan,there are great differences in population size,proportion and structure of farmers from different areas.So are the comparisons of Zhejiang and Sichuan.The main reasons influencing differentiation of peasantry are geographical environment,culture and concept differences,property right system differences,industrial structure differences,urbanization level,local government behavior differences,the impact of economic globalization differences and so on.These differences affect regional coordinated development to a great extent.As peasant differentiation stimulates rural social vitality,increases social wealth,and generally improves farmers' living at the same time,it also brings class contradictions,and a variety of social problems.Rural people's internal contradictions in the new period mainly embodies in the contradiction of interests between each rural stratum and group,in-depth study of rural stratum contradictions,relating to the party's ruling status in rural areas,it can make the decision as far as possible reflect the interests of all classes,different groups in rural areas,and maximum conform to most people's wishes and requirements,reduce errors and resistance in the process of decision-making and implementation.This paper makes a comparative analysis of the rural class contradictions and social problems in the dramaticial peasant differentiation in the eastern and western regions,including the social problems in the sharp social division and the decline of social integration ability.On this basis,it discusses the benefit sharing of public service as the main content,interest coordination and conflict mediation of social system as the main way,the political participation of the peasant autonomy as the core,and the rural governance and the local government social integration effect in the eastern and western rural areas.To propel social integration and coordinated development,the paper makes prediction on the trend of peasantry differentiation in the east and west,proposing the principles,methods and specific countermeasure to prompting the differentiation of peasant and social harmony.These principles are mainly equity,right protection and rule of law.The methods are mainly developing the productive forces,strengthening the construction of rural social undertakings with the focus on improving the peasants' democracy,promoting the socialist core value identification with the mechanism of improving people's livelihood,strengthening the construction of Party organizations at grass roots.The resolutions of rural social conformity mainly have four aspects:first,promote adjust and optimize of industrial structure and urbanization,consolidate foundation of peasantry differentiation;second,promote the reform of rural land and household registration,remove institutional hurdles of binary structure.Third,build a demands-oriented rural public service system.Fourth,strengthen the construction of the party's primary organization in rural areas and improve the governance structure etc.Peasant differentiation is not only action of the peasant's maketization on the individual level,but also the result of government forces combined with capital forces.Only from the perspective of urban and rural development and modernization can we have a more comprehensive understanding of peasantry differentiation.Since peasantry differentiation has a strong correlation with balancing development of urban and rural areas,achieving equity and harmony of society,it is an essential part of social systematic transition.Global view is required to promote peasantry differentiation and solve the problem of regional imbalance.Besides,it is also required that different hierarchical levels of society and government should build consensus and cohesion.The key of achieving the goal of harmonious development in Chinese east and west rural areas is that the west region has the determination and path of exploring overstepping strategy.In the meantime,external resources which including national policy and production factors of east are also essential conditions that determine coordinated development of regions.