| During the period between the founding the Chinese Communist Party and the Great Revolution Period(1921-1927.7),dogmatism began to emerge in the Chinese Communist Party in three main aspects.Firstly,the Chinese Communist Party put forward “the theory of one-off revolution" and “the theory of the second revolution” in the face of the issue of the nature and future of the Chinese revolution.The theory of one-off revolution results from the divorce from the actual conditions of China and the dogmatic understanding of Marxism;“the theory of second revolution” is caused by Chen Duxiu's dogmatic implementation of the Communist International's misperceptions of the nature and future of the Chinese revolution.Secondly,the judgement of the nature of the Kuomintang and analysis of the internal factions of the Kuomintang are characterized by the formulation and stereotyping errors.Thirdly,the Chinese Communist Party gave up the leadership and independence of the united front.The causes of the dogmatism are multifaceted.Externally speaking,the Communist International and the Soviet Communist Party(Bolshevik),which were the superior leadership of the Chinese Communist Party,made mistakes in their theories and policies aimed at guiding the Chinese revolution.With the highly centralized leadership system,they imposed their wrong theories and policies on Chinese revolution and largely deprived the Chinese Communist Party of independent thinking and decision making.Internally speaking,on the one hand,the Chinese Communist Party's worship of the Russian October revolution road and its superstitious belief in the Communist International were the important basis of feelings and thoughts that led to the breeding of dogmatism.On the other hand,the Chinese Communist Party's weakness in Marxist theoretical basis and its lack of the ability to solve the practical problems of the Chinese revolution were the important theoretical cause of dogmatism.Along with the emergence of dogmatism,the Chinese Communist Party also tried to use Marxism to analyze China's national conditions,attempting to solve the basic problems of the Chinese revolution.This marks the budding of the sinicization of Marxism.At the early stage of the Agrarian Revolutionary War(1927.7-1930),dogmatism in the Chinese Communist Party developed further and even began to spread.The Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party made mistakes of left putschism and leftist adventurism,which were closely related to the errors in Stalin's “Three-stage Theory” and the errors in the Communist International's theory on “the Third Period”.The Chinese Communist Party failed to touch the inner cause of the errors,which was the dogmatic thinking pattern,thus leaving dogmatism to develop malignantly.While dogmatism spread within the Chinese Communist Party,some communists represented by Mao Zedong began to consciously combine Marxism with the actual conditions of Chinese revolution,forming Maoism initially.However,as far as the whole Chinese Communist Party was concerned,the consciousness of Marxism sinicization was weak,and there still existed the seriously wrong tendency to dogmatize Marxism and sanctify the Communist International's instructions and resolutions.In the middle and late periods of the Agrarian Revolutionary War(1931-1934),the pinko dogmatism line represented by Wang Ming ruled the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and developed dogmatic errors to the extreme through the implementation of the ideological line,political line,organizational line and military line in the whole party,putting the Chinese revolution at bay.The Chinese communists represented by Mao Zedong who combined Marxism with the actual conditions of the Chinese revolution were rejected and persecuted by the left-leaning dogmatic central committee;the process of Marxism sinicization was impeded.During the period between the Zunyi Meeting and the sixth plenary session of the sixth central committee of Chinese Communist Party(1935-1938),the development of dogmatism in the Chinese Communist Party was curbed.First,the dogmatic faction began to become divided;the personnel change occurred in the high-level leadership of the Chinese Communist Party;the Chinese Communist Party broke the military dogmatism and won the victory of the long march.Second,politically speaking,the formation of Luo-Mao joint leading system broke the barrier of the close-door leftism,established and promoted the anti-Japanese national united front,realized the red army's strategic shift from the revolutionary civil war to the anti-Japanese national war.Third,due to the fact that the dogmatic thought and errors were not liquidated systematically,the dogmatic thought still stubbornly existed in the Party.When the former dogmatic faction leader Wang Ming returned to China,the dogmatism resurged at one time.However,the Chinese Communist Party back then was already mature theoretically and politically.What was more,the Chinese communists represented by Mao Zedong who sought truth from facts rose in their status in the Party,forming the force to contain the development of dogmatism.The battle between dogmatism and the sinicization of Marxism made the idea of the "sinicization Marxism" come into being,which paved the way ideologically and theoretically for the elimination of dogmatism in the Party.During the period between the sixth plenary session of the sixth central committee of the Chinese Communist Party and the seventh national congress of the Chinese Communist Party(1939-1945),the Chinese Communist Party liquidated dogmatism in itself.The subjective and objective conditions for liquidating dogmatism within the Chinese Communist Party during that period were ripe as follows: Firstly,Maoism resulting from the sinicization of Marxism was already mature,which laid an important ideological and theoretical foundation for the liquidation of dogmatism;secondly,the dissolution of the Communist International provided a favorable external environment for clearing dogmatism;thirdly,Mao Zedong's careful deployment for clearing dogmatism greatly promoted and guaranteed the success of dogmatism liquidation.This comprehensive liquidation of dogmatism securely established the ideological line of seeking truth from facts in the Party,eliminating the influence of dogmatism from the ideological source.The first generation of the central collective leadership of the Chinese Communist Party was formally established,eliminating the influence of dogmatism organizationally.The successful convening of the seventh national congress of the Chinese Communist Party marked the victory of liquidating dogmatism in the Chinese Communist Party.Through the review and analysis of the development and liquidation of dogmatism in the Chinese Communist Party during the new democratic revolution period,we can deepen our understanding of the harms of dogmatism and our realization of the necessity and importance of the sinicization of Marxism.Especially in the practice of construction socialism with Chinese characteristics,we should persistently oppose dogmatism,have firm faith in and promote the practice of the combination of Marxism with the actual conditions of China.The issue of dogmatism is not only is a key issue in the history of the Chinese Communist Party but also a major issue concerned with the upholding and development of socialism with Chinese characteristics.From both the perspective of history and that of reality,it is of great theoretical and practical significance to strengthen and deepen the study of dogmatism. |
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