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Research On The Construction Of Degree System Of Higher Vocational Education In China

Posted on:2018-09-17Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:X HeFull Text:PDF
GTID:1317330566953616Subject:Higher Education
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The degree is an institutionalized status symbol,which can display the types and formats of knowledge,skills and literacy owned by the holders.Come as the knowledge economy,learning and doing have been closely connected,vocations at the grass-root level now need more skillful and more knowledgeable actors,and the whole market holds higher demands for labors' knowledge,skills and literacy.As to higher education and degree,it is shown as follows: professionalism of higher education is coexistence with a higher learning in vocational schools,a multi-post-oriented degree system comes forth,and a setup of degree with a main focus of “applied degree and academic degree” is formed.Despite the fact that the professional degree system has been applied in the field of vocational education in China,the profession-oriented higher vocational education failed to implement the degree system.In order to optimize the higher education structure,and develop the system of the continuous cultivating of the applied talents as well as the modern professional education system,the Chinese government has successively issued Construction Planning of Modern Vocational Education System(2014-2020),Decision on Developing Modern Vocational Education by the State Council and the Action Planning of Innovation Development for Higher Vocational Education(2015-2018)since 2014,proposing to explore and establish the degree system characterized with vocational education,especially one for junior colleges.Even some junior colleges have already spontaneously tried topracticethe higher vocational education degreein the earlier time.For example,Hubei Polytechnic Institute tried to award “the Engineering Degree”.Some colleges in Shanghai,Beijing,Zhuhai and Xiamen,etc.have awarded the “associate bachelor” degree of the overseas or Hong Kong to students through joint schoool system.According to the facts mentioned above,this study aims at establishing the scientific,rational and feasible higher vocational education degree system,and also promoting the institutionalization and legalization of higher vocational education degree from the following aspects,namely,legal perfection,organizational construction and cultural-cognitive formation.After the implementation of the vocational education degree system,Higher vocational education degree is the practical one in junior colleges.It is featured with the practical knowledge evaluating attribute,practical cultural attribute and vocational power attribute which can be ratiocinated and verified from the general attribute of degree,historical transformation of diploma functions of the vocational education,and the philosophy of higher vocational education.Higher vocational education degree differs from qualification certificates.It is a systematic,planned application of talent-evaluation system with clear objectives.The institutional arrangement of higher vocational education degree must be based on its essential attribute.With the definite role positioning as the precondition,the complete higher vocational education degree system can be established through the interview investigation,comparative study and literature study,and supporting data of designing the structural elements based on the theory.To be specific,the institutional ontology can be divided into the following elements,namely,degree setting,the standard of degree awarding,the mechanism of degree management and he mechanism ofdegreeconnection.Conclusions are drawn as following:To set up higher vocational degree program to serve for the region industrial and industrial development.As is known to us that,higher vocational education degree conducts professional application and authorization under the guide of subject catalogue system.The setting of discipline is strictly controlled.But higher vocational discipline differs from academic degree and professional degree in meeting a more flexible and dynamic market demand.Hence,the setting of speciality classification and operation need to be innovated.Higher vocational degree construction should break through the discipline of traditional subject catalogue,to choose the construction of professional standardsin the scope ofthe specialities of higher vocational education,to establish a professional advisory and steering committee for non-government departments,to build the evaluation mechanism for higher vocational educationdegree.The role of the market economy will be more rapid change in higher vocational education.Therefore,the higher vocational education degreesetting should be balanced in such a revolution.On the one hand,advantages of institutional stipulation should be taken of.On the other hand,features of market economy should be taken into account.To design the unified awarding standard of higher vocational education d egree on the national level: the national standard of higher vocational educati on degree awarding plays a role in ensuring the quality of talents.Accordingto specific requirements of different regions,the provincial government(direct-controlled municipality and municipality)formulates and approves professiona l regional standards.From the macroscopic level of standard system,higher v ocational education degree awarding standards can be divided into target,proc ess and results.Firstly,the target standard dimension of higher vocational ed ucation in essence is the higher vocational education degree target which is b ased on the higher vocational education target,and embodies national and soc ial expectations.The standards differ from talent cultivation target of scientifi c research experts.The specification of talents involves the specific practice knowledge,vocational skills and technical ethics.Moreover,it is aimed at fos tering graduates who will upgrade to a senior college or pursue a master's d egree.Secondly,it refers to procedural standard dimension,namely the cultiv ation process of higher education The application of post-simulation practice teaching method---“target—situation—countermeasure”should be valued to desig n the degree course system to teach practical knowledge,cultivate core practi ce skills and shape professional work ethics and technical ethics.Thirdly,it r efers to standard result dimension,namely degree assessment item and standar d,which mainly involve educational system,academic performance,internshi p results,graduate design and other standards.The key point is to judge whe ther they are up to the standard in skill formation,utilization and proficiencythrough simulated training systemTo establish the degree management mechanism with the dominance of provincial government,participation of industry and enterprise in authorization auditing and awarding decision.At present,there are two typical modes of degree management.Firstly,it is the American mode characterized by approving and authorizing through third party.Secondly,it is the governmental competent department approval and evaluation mode represented by the UK.In china,national degree is implemented.The higher vocational educational degree management adopts the UK mode.From the subject of approval and its operation,the advanced authorized subject of higher vocational education degree is the Degree Committee of the State Council representing the national consciousness and power.As the consignor,it just develops the functions of overall planning and microeconomic regulation and control instead of executing the power directly.The executing subject of authorization and approval for higher education degree is the provincial(municipality and direct-controlled municipality)governmental department.The “approval and evaluation committee” formed by each industry,enterprise,professional association and higher vocational college's expert representatives is the special qualified institution to approve and evaluate the higher vocational colleges applying for degrees.In terms of the authorized standards,the specific standards of authorization should be formulated from local economy and cultivation occupation in higher vocational colleges.In terms of degree awarding work,higher vocational colleges establish the degree evaluation committee composed of experts in relevant industry,front-line teachers(professors or professional advanced titles)and school managers.To construct the connection system between higher vocational education degree and bachelor's degree,vocational qualification.The degree connection between higher vocational education and applied undergradute education is a degree upgrading within the system.On the basis of cooperation alliance,credit certification and conversion mechanism should be adopted.Higher vocational colleges and applied undergradute universities should develop a credit evaluation and identification method,and progress the professional bachelor's degree together.The degree connection between higher vocational degree and academic bachelor's degree is an upgrading between different systems,so the adopted recruitment and selection mechanism should be relied on examination which is organised by the university,and in the term of test and interview,to select students who have the interest and potential of academic research or have certain cognition of different disciplines.The connection between higher vocational degree and vocational qualification must firstly to clarify the relationship between vocational qualification and vocational qualifications.Furthermore,to build a national qualification framework which regards the knowledge,skill and ability as key dimensions.And finally,to realise the connection between higher vocational degree and vocational qualification.In terms of the essential significance of establishing an institution,to finish designing the institutional ontology of higher vocational education degree is not the final end.The ultimate aim is to spread,to endure and finally to realize the internalization of institution with a gradually accumulating course when the institution has been put into operation.The nub of internalization of higher vocational education degree refers to a legalized and socialized process of higher vocational education degree system.This study analyses the New Institutionalism Theory and proposes three legalized approaches.Firstly,at the legal level,the relationship between the administrative attribute and industrial attribute in higher vocational education degree awarding should be dealt with well,and contents of material law and procedure law in the existing Degree Regulations and Law of Vocational Education should be supplemented.Secondly,at the organizational level,the organizational targets of higher vocational education institution should be reconstructed.Higher vocational colleges should step up efforts to formulate and perfect school constitutions and select the leaders of revolutionary ability.Thirdly,at cultural—cognitive level,it is necessary to develop consensus on the value of “excelsior” with both students and teachers as focuses,to perfect the compensatory system so as to bring into a technical cultural practice,to break through the discipline culture,to construct the technical culture of higher vocational degree system,and finally to improve the institutional culture of higher vocational education degree.
Keywords/Search Tags:Higher vocational education degree system, Degree setting, Degree-awarding standard, Degree management mechanism, Degreeconnectionmechanism
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