The Research On The History Of Economic Thought In The Economic Journals Which Were Published In The Republic Of China

During the period of the Republic of China, political instability, poor and weak country, domestic trouble and foreign invasion, resulted in various contradictions sharp and complicated, ordinary people oppressed by imperialism, feudalism and bureaucratic capital. However, the period of the Republic of China is also the important period of China's modernization transformation. On the one hand, the economic system with the market as the guidance, on the other hand, the economic construction with industrialization as the goal. This background provided economic thought of flowers and schools of thought contend with suitable soil. And in back leads, the economics of education in China is growing, economics works a lot, also emerged one batch of economic research groups, to promote the development of the economic research in the period of the republic of China. As the economics major overseas students returned home, economics education in the country flourished gradually, economics works were published a lot, and a number of economic research group emerged. The economic development of the period of the Republic of china was promoted.Economic journal is an important carrier to show and spread the economic theories and insights for broad intellectual and ideological circle, especially the economist. The intellectuals in that time attached great importance to and deeply concerned about various political, economic, and social problems in China's modernization transformation. In order to find out the causes and the solution of problems, the intellectuals during the period of the Republic of China put forward opinions and theories, looked for measures, and make recommendations in the economic journal. This article took the published papers on economic journal during the period of the Republic of China as the investigation object. It combined historical data analysis and economics research methods, explored the context and characteristics, sorted out the economic thought, and summed up theory contribution, historical influence, realistic enlightenment value and theoretical limitation of economic journal for economic thought during the period of the Republic of China, in order to provide certain reference for the current economic reform and economic research of our country.First chapter of the article summarized the development of the economic journals during the period of the republic of China. First, this chapter elaborated the historical background of the development of journals during the period of the republic of China from the development of three aspects as political, economic and science of economy. Then it sorted out the trends of the amount and type of economic journal published during the period of the Republic of China, and briefly introduced the basic situation of representative economic journal. Finally, it picked up the samples from the representative journal, and based on the investigation to the sample journal published papers, summarized the general characteristics of economic thoughts in economic journal during the period of the republic of China.The second chapter generalized the content of researching theoretical economics and methodology in economic journal articles during the period of the republic of China. Because modern theoretical economics originated in the west, economic scholars at that time had spread and researched a lot of foreign economic theories. The content on Classical economics, Marxist economics, new classical economics and Keynesian economics and other theories of the foreign economy had been involved. Meanwhile, economic scholars during the period of the Republic of China had studied original theoretical economics with local characteristics, and the history of economic thought in China, Chinese economic history and people's livelihood socialism economics had gained more attention. Finally, the methodology was the starting point of various schools of economics theory system, and the analysis of economic problems got different conclusions due to using different research methods The paper published in economic journal during the period of the Republic of China not only probed into the research methods of economics, but also did some beneficial study on statistical analysis method.The third chapter dissected the content of researching industrial problems in the economic journal articles during the period of the Republic of China. Through the "Chinese fight" in the1920s, intelligentsia reached a consensus that only industrialization could develop China. But in the path of industrialization, how to choose the focus of industry became a hot spot intelligentsia discussed about. Three kinds of thoughts came into being, such as agricultural development as the center of gravity, industrial development as the center of gravity, and regarding both as equally important. On the development of industry, economic scholars at that time had carried on thorough discussion on the coordination of industrial development and the agriculture problem, the order of the industrial development, industrial location and industrial enterprise's scientific management. In addition, China should choose what kind of economic mode in the process of industrialization was also a focus the intelligentsia discussed. Overall, the thought that China should implement state-owner economic model in the process of industrialization occupy the overwhelming superiority in the1930s and1940s, agreed to by many scholars, and specific implementation measures of control the economy in China is studied. Scholars have also seen, however, the drawbacks in the state-owner economic model, and emphasized the choice of economic model must be adapted to the objective historical conditions in China.Chapter4studies the thought of the rural economy in the economic journal articles during the period of the Republic of China. During the period of the Republic of China, under the background of industrialization, rural development obviously lagged behind the city's development. Domestic funds were concentrated in urban area, leading to a lack of funds in rural area. The scholars at that time carried on thorough analysis to the decline condition of rural economy. Agricultural development is the foundation of rural economic recovery. The scholars analyzed the reason for the backward Chinese agriculture, and put forward some suggestions to promote the agricultural production. In addition, based on Chinese situation, scholars carried on thorough discussion on the agricultural mechanization whether or not being appropriate for the Chinese agricultural production. Facing the reality of the rural economy decline, backward agricultural production in China at that time, scholars put forward their proposal for the rural recovery. Finally, because the land is not only the essential factors of agriculture production, but also the key resource for farmers living, the rural land problem had been brought to the attention of the scholars during the period of the Republic of China. They carried on studies on the rural land property, the problem of land tenancy and rural land ownership respectively.Chapter5discussed the financial ideas in economic journal articles during the period of the Republic of China. In terms of financial thought, scholars at that time mainly studied the tax reform, financial management and raising war expense during the war. In terms of financial thought, intellectual took the construction of financial and monetary problems as the research focus, matching with the financial reform. The content of financial construction thought mainly was modern bank system, rural financial development and foreign exchange management system construction. The focus of monetary question research was the monetary reform, the relationship between currency and commodity prices and fiscal and monetary measures to stabilize prices.Chapter6studied the foreign economic content in economic journals during the period of the Republic of China. As self-sufficient natural economy system in China gradually collapse, Chinese economy linked with the world economy increasingly close. In1929, the world economic panic spread to China. Domestic scholars studied on the cause and periodicity of the world economic panic broking out, and carried out self-examination on the world economic panic. In addition, in the process of modernization in China, there had been problems of insufficient funds and the missing of technology, so the utilization of foreign capital became one important way of promoting industrialization. Scholars at that time explored the necessity, principles, methods and management of utilization of foreign capital. In addition, in an open world economy, foreign trade problem is an economic problem any country unable to avoid. Scholars during the period of the Republic of China analyzed the situation of Chinese foreign trade, put forward the idea of protecting trade, and discussed the policy and measures of foreign trade, hoping to reverse the Chinese foreign trade continuous deficit, and promote industrialization and economic development.The conclusion part of this article in accordance with the above six chapters, summarized the theory contribution, historical influence, reality enlightenment and theoretical limitation of the economic thoughts in economic journal during the period of the Republic of China, hoping to bring reference to the current Chinese economic system reform, and provide inspiration on economic research to contemporary scholars.