| China has got credit for its banking industry had successfully resisted the erosion of2008financial crisis. Even though, the profit level of China banking industry is now in the front rank of the world, could it be considered that high profits are equal to high international competitiveness? And the international competitiveness of China banking industry is already in the advanced level of the world? That's worth us for further thinking. Apparently, high profits are not equal to high international competitiveness, China banking industry is still in extensive growth, and the problem of high income of interest differential and low income of intermediate business is hiding behind, which causes a huge gap between Chinese banking and international banking leaders.There are three major challenges internationally at the present:the global economy shuffle, financial globalization and the internationalization of RMB. On the one hand, in order to honor WTO commitments, China completely opened the financial market, the domestic and foreign financial institutes are fighting hand to hand with fierce competition for the markets. On the other hand, after the financial crisis, the global banking industry has to adjust the business strategy and prevent financial risks, while adapt to the more stringent "Basel Agreement III", the new regulatory standards. In this context, Chinese banking must fully participate in international competition, to defense the intrusion of the giant foreign banks and step up to face the fierce competition for market and the erosion of international financial market.The purpose of this study is to satisfying the strategic objectives and tasks of the national " Twelfth Five Year Plan", adjusting and optimizing the economic structure, promoting the process of internationalization of China banking industry, and enhancing the industrial competitiveness and the ability to resist international financial risks, thus, to achieve the goal of sustainable development, and to enhance national competitiveness and international status. Firstly, the thesis reviews the relevant researches on the issue of industrial international competitiveness home and abroad. Secondly, it analyzes the general theory of industrial international competitiveness; what's more, it discusses the definition, the evaluation and the influencing factors of international competitiveness of the banking industry theoretically. And then, the thesis evaluates the international competitiveness of China banking industry, and analyzes its influencing factors. Finally, policies are recommended from the perspective of the industry and enterprise.Based on the above, the thesis mainly discusses the following aspects:firstly, it analyzes international competitiveness of banking industry theoretically; secondly, it evaluate the international competitiveness of China banking industry; thirdly, it analyzes the factors that affect the international competitiveness of China banking industry; last but not the least, the policies are recommended. Specifically, the thesis is divided into six chapters:The first chapter is an introduction. It mainly explains the background and the significance of the study, it introduces the content and framework of the thesis, puts forward the focus, difficulties and the research methods, and figures the innovation and deficiency of the study. The thesis focuses on an realistic, specific and in-depth analysis on the evaluation methods, the influencing factors, the policies and suggestions for the international competitiveness of China banking industry, while the research framework is still the "Diamond Model", the research findings can be applied into other financial markets, such as the securities business, and insurance business etc..The second chapter is the literature review. Researches on industries' international competitiveness abroad, basically are follow the logic sequence of first, define the competitiveness and specific competitiveness; second, recognize the main factors that may influence and interact the international competitiveness; then measure these factors and give a reasonable explanation, and finally find out the executable policies. The evaluation method in the research of international competitiveness in banking industry abroad, is mainly for a specific object, and often only focus on one certain aspect, it is lack of practical guidance for there isn't any sensitivity index to reflect the status of the bank in the market (i.e., risk prevention capacity). However, the domestic researches are based on Potter's "Diamond Model" framework mostly, which four aspects are relevant:the definition of industry international competitiveness, the influence factors, the evaluation methods and the index systems. Domestic researches on international competitiveness of the banking industry mainly focus on the sources, the evaluations and the proposed policies of international competitiveness, among which, the empirical study on the evaluation index systems and methods are still the core of the researches, and modern econometric methods have been conducted in the researches nowadays. However, there are limitations in the domestic researches:different standards were chosen when it comes to the evaluation index, and the evaluation methods are not unified, meanwhile, the researchers did not include the indicators that are difficult to measure, such as the international macro economic variables, policy variables, etc.; what's more, the research objects mostly are large commercial banks. Based on this, the thesis will take the entire banking industry as the research object, to analyze the international competitiveness through a more detailed research data under the current economic and financial environment domestic and abroad, thus to improve the applicability of the research.The third chapter discusses the theoretical basis of the international competitiveness of the banking industry. Above all, it analyzes the origin of the theory, the concepts, the influence factors model, the evaluation methods and the indicators of industry international competitiveness, and it concludes that the evaluation of industry international competitiveness is an evaluation system that covers four levels, the index and the methods are complex and difficult to unite. Then, the thesis introduce on the definition, the evaluation and the influencing factors of the international competitiveness of the banking industry from the theoretical level. The international competitiveness of banking industry is defined as:while the commercial banks are participating in the global competition, it shows a comprehensive ability of them in organizing and inside-controlling, profitability and financial performance, innovation and sustainable development in the process of expanding business and developing global market. IMD evaluation method on the competitiveness of financial system,1000large banks in the world ranking by British "BANKER" magazine,"ASIAN BANKER" magazine ranking and the camel rating methods are four main evaluation methods for the international competitiveness of banking industry. Taking influence factors into consideration, the strength of international competitiveness of banking industry is highly dependent on the knowledge, the talents, the capital and other advanced factors; the strength, the variety, and the demands of personal or business needs also affect the promotion of international competitiveness of industry; the development status of the related and.supporting industry, such as higher education, real estate, securities industry, insurance industry and the information technology industry, will also influence the promotion of banking industry's international competitiveness; if the objectives, organization and strategy of a commercial bank in one country are exactly in accordance with its competitive advantage resources, then the industry's competitive advantage of this country will be fully displayed; in different periods, the industrial policy-making of a government will directly influence the international competitiveness of banking industry, such as the financial market opening policy, adopting interest rate with market principle, innovating on financial supervision and making monopoly regulation etc.. However, opportunities would be accidentally and environmentally, a nation's banking industry's international competitiveness will be further enhanced if it is facing a good developing opportunity in both domestic and abroad, such as a stable financial market, vigorous market demands, rapid economic growth, high level of urbanization and industrialization etc..The fourth chapter evaluates the international competitiveness of China banking industry. It introduces the present situation and the problems of China banking industry and its international competitiveness, and conducted a comprehensive evaluation on its international competitiveness by using the "CAMELS" method with six aspects:Capital, Assets Quality, Management, Earning, Liquidity and Sensibility. The research result is:comparing with the international banking industry, the assets scale, profit level, risk prevention and operation stability of China banking industry are quite competitive, but the management, profitability, and international business ability are less. The research found out that although the overall competitiveness of China banking industry is in the front rank of the world, its real competitiveness is still weak, and a gap between the international peers.The fifth chapter analyzes the factors that affect the international competitiveness of China banking industry. Firstly, the thesis set up the framework of "Diamond Model" by Potter (1990). Then analyzing production element condition, market demand condition, related and supporting industries, enterprise strategy, organization and competition, government and opportunities, to help us understanding how those factors have taken effect perceptually. The study results are:capital, human resources, technology are the decisive factors that determine the strength of the international competitiveness of banking industry nowadays; consumer purchasing ability, and demand for consumption, credit, financial, settlement, real estate credit are playing an important role; The related and supporting industry development conditions, such as the development of higher education, real estate, securities industry, insurance industry and information technology industry are also taking effects; internationalization and innovation strategy, and the management of the enterprises are playing a positive role, however, the industry competitive situation inside and outside may have both positive and negative effects, foreign banks has brought tremendous challenges to China banking industry while they are entering the Chinese market, which made Chinese banking has to adjust their way of making profit; it has provided a good environment for China banking industry with the improvement of the government's regulatory system of laws, regulations and adopting interest rate with market principle, meanwhile, with the rapid growth of the economy, continuously improvement of industrialization and optimization of the industrial structure, with the rapid development of modern service industry, with the opening to the outside world and "bringing in" and "going out" strategy, all these factors are pushing international competitiveness of China banking industry forward a positive direction. On the other hand, the thesis adopts the principal components analysis method to analyze the influence degree of the six factors rationally, the study shows that development factors(a good economic development environment) and competitive factors (full competition and high general adoption of the market principle) are the two main influence factors of China banking industry.The sixth chapter put forward the policy recommendations in order to enhance the international competitiveness China banking. As it is mentioned in the above, the development factors and competitiveness factors are the two main factors that influence the international competitiveness of China banking industry. Therefore, four policies should be made from the perspective of the industry:first, to further improve the legal system of the supervision; Second, to continue promoting the reform of general adoption of market principle in China Banking industry; third, to continue to improve the overall level of opening up by "bringing in" and" going out" strategy; fourth, to continue to strengthen the financial supervision, and build up the firewall. From the perspective of enterprises:first, is to continue to push forward the construction of modern enterprise, and further improve the management of Banking corporation; Second, to innovate the management and enhance the profitability; third, to develop innovative financial products, optimize the revenue structure; fourth, to promote the process of bank internationalization and improve the international competitive ability by adopt the measures with local conditions; Lastly, to enhance the capability of risk management and stable operation. |
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