Governance On Newsvendor-Type Supply Chain From The Perspective Of Time Management

Newsvendor-type products are closely related and linked to our daily life, and there accordingly exists tens of thousands of enterprises which operates the product with newsvendor-type. However, with the economic new normal of economic globalization, market internationalization and supply chain integration, three phenomena of newsvendor-type products seriously restrict the survival and development of the enterprise, affect people' daily life and social economy development. The phenomena are as follows:the random fluctuations of market demand are more greatly, the dynamic frequency of the product sales price is more rapidly, and the interruption phenomenon of the supply chain system is more common, respectively.In traditional supply chain management, the capacity decision based on minimum demand expectation risk and supply chain contract design based on pareto improvement cannot eliminate above phenomenon, which represents four aspects:? investigates the optimal system capacity decision based on fixed purchase lead time;? the market sales price ignores the product newsvendor type;? the coordination of the supply chain contract is limited to system endpoint design; ? the participator is limited to current benefits under optimization. Time trait is their inherent attribute. Combining with supply chain contract theory and practical problem in social economic activities, starting with time trait as their inherent attribute for supply chain system, the thesis applies many different theories and methods to investigate the weaken newsvendor-type product supply chain system performance problem caused by time attribute, whose results can provide decision reference for management practitioner.First of all, in traditional supply chain management, the existing research often bases on the fixed purchase lead time or controllable lead time which assumes the market demand has specific functional relationship with lead time, and investigates the optimal capacity decision. The research assumptions enhance the inventory risk of the supply chain system or cannot reflect the general law of controllable lead time on optimal capacity decision. For this problem, from the perspective of time management with controllable purchase lead time, the thesis assumes the prediction process of market random demand and produce cost of supply chain system as the normal form function, builds the capacity decision model of supply chain system under known cumulative distribution function and demand distribution free market background, proves the existence of optimal system capacity decision through model analysis and solving, and obtains the functional expression of optimal production point and capacity according to demand prediction process and system production cost. The solving of this problem fills the void of existing research, and contributes to the risk control from the global optimum of supply chain system.Second, with the development of science technology, in present dynamic pricing research of newsvendor type product, the supply chain can control the product perishability through freshness investment, and further control product quality and its utility. In other words, the present research often assumes that the product quality or utility decreases with fixed perishability rate. The research ignores the newsvendor perishability rate that the product quality change is random. From the perspective of time management based on freshness tecnnology investment to control product perishability, the thesis assumes that the product quality change is random parameter and the market demand is impacted by sales price, product quality and non-price non-quality factors, builds the finite horizon Markov random pricing decision model, and obtains the equilibrium path of freshness technology investment level and product optimal dynamic pricing through model analysis and solving. The supply chain performance is optimal under this path, and the thesis further analyzes the monotonic properties for equilibrium path. The solving of this problem can establish product sales price and freshness technology investment decision from the perspective of supply chain system global optimization.Third, the above two chapters investigate the optimal capacity decision and pricing decision from the view of supply chain integration. The goal of this arrangement is to provide the reference benchmark for participators of independent entity to make decisions. For the problem that the traditional supply chain contract cannot coordinate when simultaneously considers the capacity and pricing decision. The thesis constructs three differential supply chain contracts with time-sensitive from the direction that the participators have equal game relationship, proves that they can flexibly coordinate the capacity decision and pricing decision in decentralized supply chain under different market background, further analyzes the advantage and disadvantage of three contracts from risk pooling and obtains some managerial implication. The research of this chapter can contributes to coordinate the decentralized supply chain.Fourth, for the problem of participator default risk and interruption risk in decentralized supply chain caused by traditional supply chain contract mechanism, the thesis builds the stability mechanism design model for decentralized supply chain system from the perspective of time management view to maintain long-time stability for the decentralized supply chain, which is based on three constructed contracts with time-sensitive and the expectation of future cooperation for participators, obtains the condition to long-term stable cooperation, optimal actions to conduct transactional cooperation and optimal future expectation value through model analysis and solving. In addition, the thesis analyzes the supply chain contract preference based on the analysis conclusions. The solving of this problem fills the problem caused by traditional supply chain contract design in certain degree, and provides the reference evidence and decision support for participator's long stable cooperation.Finally, combining with above four theoretical research, the thesis analyzes the managerial decision of newsvendor-type product supply chain under time management through numerical simulation analysis, finds that effective time management can improve supply chain performance and profits rate of participators. The numerical results further corroborate the theoretical meanings and practical value of the thesis research.