| Organizational routine has been seen as one of the most complex and important research in management area.The reason why it is difficult is that although routines can be represented as rules and behavioral patterns,scholars still have distinguished understanding about the nature of routine and the mechansim of endongenouse change of routine,the fundamental theories that used to explain routine come from different subjcets.How to integrate these theories into a compatible theory that used to learn the nature of routine is a tough problem for scholars.Organizational routines have been seen as the core of the organizational operation,which have many connections with organizational operation.For example: there are too many discuissions about the connections between routine and capability,which exit in capabalities research area.Scholars considered that routines are the foundations of capabilities,even can be seen equal to capabilities.However,scholars have not considered carefully about these relations.In the research area of routine,Scholars mainly focuse on the following sub-research areas: First,the definition,characters and the mechanism of the endougenous change of organizational routine;Second,the factors that influence routine;third,the relations between organizational routines and organizational capabilities.Although the research of routine has made great development,there still exist obvious defects: scholars have not reached an agreement about the nature,theoretical foundation and have not found many other fators that can influence routine.Because of the heterogeneity character of routines,routines are very difficult to be measured and to be applied for making quantitive research.This brings more difficulties for extending routine research.In the research area of routine,many scholars take organizational learning as the most important factor that influence routine,they consider organizational learning process and the change process of organizational routine are the same process.In capability area,organizational learning has been considered as the most important factor that promotes the formation of capabilities.Organizations capabilities can be formed through experienceaccumulation,the accumulation and codification of knowledge.Because scholars have not made the research about the classification of routines deeply,the research about the releation between routine and capability and the research about the releation between routine and organizational learning have not done specificly.The upbinging process of new enterprises is also a promotive process of organizational capabilities.New enterprises can promote marketing capability and technological capability through inhancing their understanding and acquiring knowledge about market and technologty.Entrepreneurial learning is an important channel of knowledge acquiring.New enterprises can either acquire new knowledge through inner practice or acquire knowledge through observing other enterprises.According to enterprise life cycle theory,the growing new enterprises can be separated into two stages: start up stage and growth stage.During start up stage,in order to adapt to environment,the younger new enterprises that operated not very stable with small size urgently need to promote marketing capability and technological capability,as new enterprises goes into growth stage,the expanded and stronger new enterprises need to keep stable operation,efficient production and service and high quality goods to capture the market.Therefore,organizational routine that can maintain the production and service become the core for the promotion of organizational capabilities.Because of the different characters of knowledge that stored in routine,the influences of organizational routine on organizational capability are different.But scholers have not discussed the relationships among organizational learning,organizational routine and organizational capability in new enterprise reseach area.According to the review of routine research,we construct theoretical model about the influence of organizational learning on organizational capability based on the mediating role of organizational routine,and we analyze the relationships among organizational learning,routines and capabilities from the perspective of organizational learning by integrating with resource-based theory.Our research includes following parts:First,in review part,we classify the definitions of routine,learn the distinctions among themselves,analyze the mechanism of routine behavior generation,introduce three different mechanisms of the endogenous change of routine which relied on three distinguishedtheories and introduce some factors that influence routine.We review the definitions,dimensions of organizational learning,the mechanisms of experiential learning and vicarious learning and the research of the two learning styles scholars have made.We also review the definitions,dimensions of marketing capability and technological capability and the research about the two capabilities scholars have done.Second,in theoretical part,we construct a research framework of the influence of organizational learning on organizational capability mediated by organizational routine by using organizational learning theory and resource-based theory after we propose our understanding about the nature of routine and dimension of routine.The implication of research framework is not to show the relations among themselves,which have demonstrared by scholars,but how new enterprises form capabilities and routines through organizational learning.For the new enterprises,do the routines,marketing capabilities and technological capabilities formed through experiential learning or vicarious learning? What are the differences of the influence of organizational learning on the formation of explicit routine and tacit routine,which are divided by the reservations of different characters of knowledge.How the two kinds of routines play different mediating roles during the process of the influence of organizational learning on capabilities? All the research topics have not been discussed sufficiently.This must be related to the complexity of routine research.Third,in empirical part,we combine the quantitative method and qualitative method together:In the quantitative research,based on the scals of routines in the past research,we construct a routine scale in accordance with our division of routine.We confirmed nine items for measuring explicit routine and six items for measuring tacit routine after the scale passed through Exploratory Factor Analysis(EFA),Principal Component Analysis(PCA)and reliability test.All the data we used come from new enterprises in Changchun area.We totally collect 500 questionnaires,then confirm 313 questionnaires are effective.We mainly do correlation analysis,regression analysis,regulating effect test and mediating effect test.The results show that most of these hypothesises have been verified.In new enterprises,both experiential learning and vicarious learning have positive effect on marketing capabilitiesand technology capabilities,both experiential learning and vicarious learning have positive effect on explicite routines,experiential learning has positive effect on tacit routines,but vicarious learning has negative effect on tacit routines.The mediating effects of organizational routine have all been verified.The regulating effects of organizational structure have been verified partly.In qualitative research,we use case study method to learn the development of H and J companys,main business,products functions,dig the information relevant with our research gradually and demonstrate the hypothesises proposed in our theoretical model.Case study can be used as a supplement for quantitative research.The contribution of case study is used to find the concrete representations of the relations among variables proposed by theoretical model in real companys,the real information acquired from companys and the problems showed from companys cannot be discovered in quantitative research.Fourth,in summary part,we briefly introduce the main conclusions,innovation points and the research direction in future.we have verified following hypothesises :the hypothesises that both experiential learning and varicious learning can infulence marketing capabilility and technological capabilitiy positively(H1a,H1 b,H2a,H2b);the hypothesises that both experiential learning and varicious learning can infulence explicit routine positively(H4a,H4b);the hypothesis that experiential learning can infulence tacit routine positively(H3a);the hypothesises that explicit routine and tacit routine can infulence marketing capabilility and technological capabilitiy positively(H5a.H5 b,H6a,H6b);the hypothesis that organizational structure can regulate the effect of experiential learning on tacit routine(H7a);the hypothesises that the mediating roles of explicit routine and tacit routine for the influence of the organizational learning on organizational capabilility(H8a—H8f).We considered that no matter what kinds of learning style new enterprise choose,no matter where new enterprises can acquire knowledge from inside or outside of the company,organizational learning will promote the formation of explicit routine,but the formation of the tacit routine formed just from inside of the company.This illustrate that if new enterprises want to sustain competitive advantage and get special capabilities,they need rely on practicing inside of the company.At the same time,if newenterprises want to form organizational capabilities,no matter marketing capabilities or technological capabilities,they all need a proper organizational structure.The innovation point of our research is the mediating role of routines during the influencing process of organizational learning on organizational capabilities.We then bring explicit routine,tacit routine,experiential learning,vicarious learning,marketing capability,technological capability into our research framework based on the reservation of the different characters of knowledge,the different ways knowledge acquired and the different resources new enterprises need.Because of the rare routine researches,especially the lack of the researches about the measurement of routine,scholars should consider other factors that can infulence routines based on the exploration of the routine scale,for example: in individual level,how managers get the way to realize the infulence on routines;in organizational level,how organizational culture infulence routines.Only after we intergrate these factors,can we realize the extention of routine theory and learn the roles of routine in enterprises.Besides these factors,scholars should also explore other factors that can mediate the influence of organizational learning on organizational capability. |
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