Research On The Theory Of Official Documents In The Ming Dynasty

Official Document Theory in the Ming Dynasty is considered as a series of cognition of the outer, inner conception, social function, etc., all together formed the main body of Documents. It is includes celebrities in understanding, the advance of the former generation theories in the Ming Dynasty, as well as the present document practice theory consciously. Study of Official Document Theory in the Ming Dynasty begins with practicing field from the document. Until Ming Dynasty,the field of document has not presented any new characteristics, which share certain correlation with some new concept in the theory of the Ming Dynasty Official Document. These new characteristics act as a key break through to grasp the features of the study of the Official Document Theory in the Ming Dynasty.The most obvious phenomenon in the field of Ming Dynasty Official Document is the conscious category performed by Ming People, and list Jia Yi, Dong Zhongshu, Liu Xiang, Kuang Heng, Lu Zhi, Fan Zhongyan, Ouyangxiu and Su Shi, Han Yu, as example, especially Jia Yi in Han and Lu Zhi in Tang particularly admired. It is consider great reputation when compared to Jia Yi,LuZhi. Through the official document,Jiayi is "sincerity and reasonable",luZhi is "gentle and decent".Even the characteristics of official document is not the same, these two people can be unified down to "touch" and "common characteristics of righteousness".As we can see, the pursuit of Ming Official Document is righteousness, and things can be integrated with the technique. We compare each other through the practice and theory, and extracted the most keywords in the Ming Dynasty Dfficial Document: the "Ti","Fa", "Jingji", "Dao", each of these keywords respectively represent as different concerns of Official Document, and thus formed three big content as Document style, grammar theory, utility theory. From the overall grasp, the Ming Dynasty Official Document Theory presents a microscopic research perspectives, especially in the literary style and grammar theory, whose way is very exquisite, and the essential attribute of document to pay special attention at the same time, highlight the style of the document which is different from other properties.To overall grasp of the development of Official Document Theory in the Ming Dynasty, we divide Ming into different stages, under the comprehensive seethrough the social ideological trend of evolution of Ming Dynasty, as well as literary theory and eight-part essays on the basis of the theory in installment, we consider that the Official Document Theory in the Ming Dynasty should cross into three periods: Hongwu to Tianshun (1368-1368) as the theory of period of church and state, ChengHua to LongQing period (1465-1572) as the ontology, Wanli to Chongzhen(1573-1573) to improve and the new period.The first time, which accept the study the influence of Official Document Theory, mainly pay attention to the research field of big and macroscopic overall vision, as well as Zongjing and Mingdao, but already contains the trend to ontology internally. The second period was mainly affected by Wang yangming. It shows that the body theory, stylistic theory, the theory of grammar is the most rapidly growing segment of the period,these theories focus on document ontology elements, presents the field of vision of research,represents the development of Official Document Theory in the Ming Dynasty into a period of ontology. The third period is a comprehensive theory for development deepening stage, and stylistic theory, grammar theory on the basis of the previous become more elaborating, and present a certain conclusion color. In terms of utility theory, the practical function get a rapid development and form an era characteristic.According to the modern scholars' analysisand discriminations of the word "Ti",the writing style of the Official Document Theory in essence can be divided into three level as Genre Theory,Stylistic Theory as well as the Style Theory. Genre Theory is as enclosed document analysis of formation of the Ming People's theoretical point of view, mainly reflected in two aspects, one is the distinction from official document and non-officialdocuments, the stylistic features of the official document become more and more clear, the second one is the practice to distinguish within the document, and the theoretical pursuit of presented this distinction. In this process, the characteristics of the official style is increasingly highlighted.It is great enlightening significance to document the "source of the Jing" and "source of the Shi" .Official Document Theory is based on the style of official document's genre and style, with matching act as the fundamental code governing style of Official Document. Ming's people avoid disadvantages such as "redundant","difficult","gorgeous" and "empty", "floating",and pursuit advantage as "concise","plain","pragmatic", and to that distinguish of the literary style.The theory of the Official Document Style is formed by a series of cognitive, which is based on the theoretical foundation of the former generation,as well as around the official document style. This part of the theory can show two aspects through the deepening of cognition:one is to explore the influential factors of official document style; the second is the formation of cognitive style of commonly used document.Among them, the official document style as a whole infected by genre, age and creator personality.Grammar theory is enclosed document to the study of the theory of the "Fa", which, literally more refers to the articles of representational rule. But the "Fa" in the Official Document Theory contains three levels, it includes document writing before the law, filling in the document writing on "Ii", "Ci" and "Yi", "Fa" and other concepts relationship processing rules, as well as the specific writing principles. On the basis of the former generation, The Official Document theory formed a "product knowledge" and "relating of law," "product knowledge" refers to the accumulation of knowledge, "relating" is anabstraction process to digest and absorb knowledge,both emphasized the importance of the accumulation. In the second level of grammar, formed the"li", "Ci" and "Yi", "Fa" the processing principles of harmony, in the third level is the structure of the specific method, the specific display of commonly used figures of speech and writing. Three levels, from abstract to concrete, have very strong systemic and operability.The theory of function of the Official Document Theory in the Ming Dynasty is formed by a series of cognition around the document in the function in real life. The function of the document can be divided into two levels: one is official document of the labor of function, mainly the function of "Jingji"; second is official document of the auxiliary function, mainly the function of"Mingdao",especially on the present of "Jingji" function.It is considered great positive significance for the Ming dynastyusing the document attributes to carry articles patriotic appeal bycomplying large documentsIn general, the Official Document Theory in the Ming Dynasty has presented the tendency of transition towards the modern theory, mainly manifested in the stylistic functional differentiation,to modern official document writing, clarity of structure, the emphasis on the official document function value, etc., but also with some limitations, care should be adopted in two points of view.