| In recent years, the global IT service outsourcing market is growing rapidly, and China's IT service outsourcing market volume is increasing at a compound annual growth rate of 28.5%. The prosperity of market and IT human resource policy guidance have created a good environment for enterprise development; China's IT service outsourcing enterprises ushered in tremendous development opportunities. On one hand, China has a good industrial policy environment and abundant talents and market resources, and China's IT service outsourcing enterprises continue to grow in the number and size, making itself become the second largest IT service outsourcing undertaking country after India in the world; on the other hand, China's IT service outsourcing enterprises mainly undertake the low-end business in the Asia Pacific region, witnessing a low level of service quality and added value, as well as the brand and scale effect which are difficult to form, lacking core competitive advantage, and enterprise capability needs to upgrade eagerly.However, the business model of IT service outsourcing has made a breakthrough in the traditional enterprise capability upgrading path,overcoming the space obstacles of the service objects, realizing a change in the business forms from ITO(information technology outsourcing),BPO(business process outsourcing) and KPO(knowledge process outsourcing) to ITES(information technology enabled service), inevitably affecting the innovation and change of enterprise development goal,management idea, business operation and technical ability, making a significant difference with the enterprise upgrading theory in traditional industry. In addition, IT service outsourcing is different from manufacturing outsourcing, and manufacturing outsourcing is the production and delivery of orders based on standardized technological processes, but the nature of IT service outsourcing is "service", that is to achieve the delivery of a product or service through IT projects. In this process there is more tacit knowledge transfer, and enterprises are more likely to acquire new knowledge, so as to improve the service quality and capability.The basic assumption of this study is: the enterprise capability essentially originated from the acquisition and accumulation of knowledge, and formation, accumulation and diffusion of knowledge mainly depend on knowledge transfer and flow. Knowledge transfer is an important aspect that affects the enterprise capability upgrading. IT service outsourcing undertaking enterprises in China, which is integrated into the global value chain, can obtain new technology, accumulate new knowledge and improve core competence through knowledge transfer. IT service outsourcing enterprise capability upgrading is largely determined by knowledge transfer in the process of service outsourcing. However,the contracting enterprise's knowledge transfer capacity, the undertaking enterprise's knowledge absorption capacity and knowledge transfer platform and strategy are not the same; the effect of knowledge transfer is different, and the opportunity and degree of promoting enterprise capability is not the same, either.From the existing research literatures, the research on the capability of IT service outsourcing enterprises are based mostly on the perspective of supplier selection or evaluation, less from the perspective of undertakers,and most of them take India as the research object. Therefore,this paper puts forward the research question of capability upgrading of China's IT service outsourcing enterprises under the global value chain.With the global value chain theory framework, this paper takes China's IT service outsourcing industry development as the background, and IT service outsourcing enterprises capability upgrading as the goal, to conduct a research the issues of "evaluation system, influencing factors and evolution mechanism" during the enterprises capability upgrading process. In order to clarify the research scope, this paper firstly defines the research object as the enterprises which undertake offshore IT service outsourcing in China. From the perspective of business undertaking capability and IT service outsourcing value chain; it defines the core concept of enterprise capability, analyzing the connotation and denotation of it. Through literature review and theoretical study, it puts forward the theoretical hypothesis of the role of knowledge transfer in the promotion of enterprise capability. The paper focuses on how to enhance the enterprises capability from the perspective of knowledge transfer,establishes the evaluation index, analyzes the key factors and evolution mechanism of enterprises capability upgrading, and puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions for promoting China's IT service outsourcing enterprises capability, solving the key problems of IT service outsourcing industry upgrading, providing theoretical basis for enterprises to develop the strategy of knowledge transfer and capability promotion. It has important practical significance and theoretical value.The main research contents of this paper are as follows:First of all, on the basis of literature analysis, according to the research purpose of this paper, it proposes evaluation index of IT service outsourcing enterprise capability. Through analysis of the indicators and selection of the specific measures, it built the three level evaluation index system of IT service outsourcing undertaking capability, from three dimensions of "IT technology capability, IT operation capability, IT innovation capability" to measure the enterprise's IT service outsourcing undertaking capability; and through the rational questionnaires and expert evaluation to evaluate and correct the index system using Delphi method.Then, this paper analyzes the key factors of improving the IT service outsourcing undertaking capability from the perspective of knowledge transfer. Through literature research and theoretical derivation, from three dimensions of the employer, contractor, and knowledge transfer process,it builds the influencing factors model of enterprise capability upgrading;and by developing the measuring scale it designs the questionnaire,distributes and collects the questionnaire through various channels,verifying the model and hypotheses through statistical data analysis.Finally it discusses and puts forward the key factors of promoting IT service outsourcing undertaking capability according to the result of hypothesis test.Furthermore, this paper uses synergetic and system dynamics theory to construct the dynamic evolution model of IT service outsourcing enterprise capability upgrading and knowledge transfer. Capability upgrading and knowledge transfer have interaction and feedback in the process of IT service outsourcing, and enterprise knowledge stock has growing dissipative structure characteristics, capability upgrading is a dynamic evolving process. This article constructs the IT service outsourcing system dynamics model of knowledge transfer between enterprises, analyzes the self-organization process of undertaking enterprise internal knowledge system, establishes the dynamic evolution model of enterprise capability upgrading, uses the simulation tools for model fitting test,discusses and puts forward the IT service outsourcing enterprise knowledge transfer and evolution characteristics and transfer mechanism, to provide theory basis for IT service outsourcing enterprises to develop strategy for knowledge transfer.Finally, according to the research results in this paper, also based on the enterprise interviews and actual investigation, combined with the status and problems which Chinese IT service outsourcing enterprises face in global value chain, it analyzes how to make full use of the global value chain participant's identity to constantly improve undertaking capability. From the angle of benefit for knowledge transfer and IT service outsourcing value chain upgrading; this paper discusses the approaches to improve the enterprises undertaking capability, and proposed the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions for speeding up the development of Chinese IT service outsourcing enterprises and industry.The innovations of this study are shown in:Firstly, this paper takes the knowledge intensive and technology intensive IT service outsourcing undertaking enterprises in China as the research object, constructing the three-level evaluation index system of IT service outsourcing enterprise undertaking capability.Secondly, through empirical study, this paper puts forward the influence factors model of the IT service outsourcing undertaking capability from the perspective of knowledge transfer, and analyzes the key factors that affect the enterprise capability upgrading.Thirdly, this paper analyzes the dynamic process of knowledge transfer and capability upgrading by modeling and simulation, discusses the mechanism of promoting IT service outsourcing enterprise undertaking capability, and puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions to speed up the development of IT service outsourcing enterprises in China from many angles. |
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