| New pattern urbanization, which is explored and developed in China for improving urban resilience and reducing urban vulnerability. Urban resilience is a comprehensive ability of a city for dealing with the uncertainty risk disasters through a combination of urban economy,urban infrastructure, urban society and urban ecosystem. When the city system and its subsystems have certain resilience in development, it will promote sustainable development of a city or a region. How to assess urban resilience? How to evaluate the degree of coordinated development among subsystems of the city? What is the spatial-temporal law on the development of urban resilience? These answers have an important practical significance for promoting the construction of the modern urbanization and sustainable development of cities and regions. Based on above, this study constructed the measurement system on urban resilience, chose 21 cities of Sichuan province in China as a case, and analyzed the spatial-temporal law on the development of urban resilience and its coordination degree empirically.The conclusions are as follows:(1) Put forward the measurement framework of urban resilience. On the basis of analyzing the impact factors on urban resilience, the measurement system of urban resilience was constructed. Specifically, based on the urban economic system, urban engineering system,urban social system, urban ecosystem and its coordination development, the comprehensive evaluation index system of urban resilience was formed, contained 21 specific indicators and four subsystems. In addition, from the perspective of the coordinated development of the urban system, the coordination degree model was formed among four subsystems in a city.(2) Analyzed the spatial differentiation and dynamic evolution on urban resilience of Sichuan province. Through the study of urban resilience in Sichuan province from 2003 to 2013, results showed that the level of urban resilience was on the rise, the characteristics of spatial heterogeneity on urban resilience presented a gradient differentiation, and the spatial agglomeration degree increased gradually. The resilience of urban economic system, urban engineering system, and urban ecological system revealed a cluster characteristics in Sichuan province, but urban social system was not obvious.(3) Summarized the spatial differentiation and dynamic evolution on coordination degree of urban resilience of Sichuan province. Through the study of coordination degree on urban resilience in Sichuan province from 2003 to 2013, results showed that static and dynamic coordination degree were declined, and the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008 was the main cause of static coordination degree has fallen sharply. The dynamic coordination degree of urban resilience showed the characteristics of agglomeration, but static coordination degree was not clear. On spatial-temporal evolution of Sichuan province, the static coordinate degree towards urban resilience had a weak spatial heterogeneity, but dynamic coordination degree showed a weak spatial homogeneity. The static coordinate degree between urban economic system and urban social system displayed decentralization characteristics and spatial heterogeneity.(4) Explored the spatial-temporal process on urban resilience and its coordination degree of Sichuan province. According to the data of Sichuan province from 2003 to 2013, results present that the center of gravity on urban resilience was moving northwest, distribution expanded significantly, intensive level increased significantly, direction departed from true north regularly, and the form changed a circle tendency. Meanwhile, the center of gravity on static coordinate degree of urban resilience was volatile, distribution narrowed slightly,intensive level was ups and downs, the change of direction was not obvious, and the form changed a circular tendency.(5) Proposed a three-dimensional evaluation model contains time-series data and section data of urban resilience and its coordination degree. Using time, urban resilience and its coordination degree, the three-dimensional evaluation model was constructed, 21 cities of Sichuan province were classified based on feature, and some suggestions were provided for improving urban resilience. |
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