The Effects Of Distorted Urbanization On Industry Development: Theoretical And Empirical Analyses

The relationship between distorted urbanization and low-end locking industry development is a projection of the paradoxical movement of productive forces and production relations on social-economic field. On the one hand, the evolution of social structure to higher level will stimulate regional economic development,on the other hand, unsuited social structure will become a stumbling block in the way of regional economic development, and bring threats to prosperity and stability.After the reform and opening-up policy, China has been experiencing two significant revolutions in its economic field and social field, respectively. They are the industrialization which leads to the Chinese Economic Miracle, and the urbanization which helps to achieve the feat in human's history of five hundred million people urbanizing in just thirty years. Howere, this kind of time compression in industrial development and urban construction also brings China various problems when we re-examine this process with quality-oriented perspective, which are mainly embody as low-end locking industry development and distorted urbanization.This paper took the main line that distorted urbanization is one of the deep-seated social structure factor of low-end locking industry development based on the paradoxical movement of economic development and social structure evolution, and expanded distorted urbanization into motivation distortion, body distortion and function distortion, the paper also expanded low-end locking industry development into the secondary industry's low-quality and the tertiary industry's lag behind, and then the paper built the "three dimensions--two sectors" analytical framework. Based on these foundation framework, the paper then carried out the mechanism analyses and made empirical analyses of the effects of distorted urbanization on low-end locking industry development, and gave a discussion on correcting distorted urbanization to unlock Chinese low-end locking industry. This paper setted a new perspective on understanding Chinese low-end locking industry development, that was paying much more attention to the evolution of social structure,and this paper aslo made a contribution to push forward Chinese industrialization and new-type urbanization cooperatively. The results indicated that:(1) The paper defined the concepts of distorted urbanization and low-end locking industry development scientifically, and calculated the levels of distorted urbanization and low-end locking industry development in China. The paper pointed out that Chinese urbanization contained a phenomenon that urban migration's employment transformation, residence transformation and identity transformation were absent of cooperativity, which was named as distorted urbanization. In this paper, the distorted urbanization was investigated from land urbanization, peasant-workers urbanization and urban diseases three dimensions. So far,Chinese industrial development had achieved great successes in scale expansion, but its efficiency promotion and structure upgrading had been lagged, which was named as low-end locking industry development. In this paper, the low-end locking industry development was investigated from the secondary industry's low-quality and the tertiary industry's lag behind two sectors. The investigations showed that, from the year 2006 to 2014, the levels of distorted urbanization in Chinese provinces experienced an upward tendency with fluctuations,their levels of the secondary industry's low-quality experienced a tendency of"?"; between 1995 and 2011,the levels of the tertiary industry's lag behind in China not only performanced in producer-service industries, but also performanced in consumer-service industries.(2) The paper analysed the mechanisms between distorted urbanization and low-end locking industry development, and carried out empirical analyses of the effects of distorted urbanization on low-end locking industry development. The conclusions pointed out that (i) distorted urbanization had significant deteriorating effect on the secondary industry's low-quality by tempting local government to intervene in enterprises development, increasing cheap and low-skill labor supply,reducing enterprises' innovation vigor. However, the deteriorating effect would be affected by human capital, excess capacity and manufactured exports. (ii) Moreover,the effects had different presentations under different areas or different administrative divisions. Specifically, in China's central and western area, distorted urbanization had significant deteriorating effect on low-quality industrialization,while in China's eastern area, the effect came to be ameliorative. In the provinces which had more than 50 counties, distorted urbanization had a significant deteriorating effect on low-quality industrialization, while in the provinces which had less than 50 counties,the effects came to be ameliorative. (iii) Distorted urbanization had significant deteriorating effect on producer-service industries by increasing cheap and low-skill labor supply,enlarging the scale of land finance,reducing enterprises' innovation vigor, and had significant deteriorating effect on consumer-service industries by increasing cheap and low-skill labor supply and refraining urban potential consumption. (iv) Besides, the position of Chinese global value chain played an aggravating role in the effects of distorted urbanization on producer and consumer industries, but the per capital GDP had no impact on the deteriorating effects.(3) The paper discussed the pathes selection of correcting distorted urbanization to unlock Chinese low-end locking industry, and tested these pathes' validities. The paper pointed out that (i) optimizing local finacial and taxation system would lower the levels of land urbanization and then correct Chinese urbanization's motivation distortion; improving the skills education of peasant-workers and reforming Chinese household registration system to reduce the gaps of salary and public service between peasant-workers and local workers would lower the levels of peasant-worker urbanization and then correct Chinese urbanization's body distortion; reinforcing urban infrastructure construction, elevating urban public service's supplying and distribution, and optimizing the administrative process to improving administrative efficiency would lower the levels of urban diseases and then correct Chineseurbanization's function distortion. (ii) Correcting the motivation distortion, body distortion and function distortion of Chinese urbanization would bring unlocking effects to Chinese secondary industry's low-quality and tertiary industry's lag behind,and then generate propulsive forces to its industial development.As conclusions, this paper combined the valuable experience extracted from other countries' urbanization and industrialization process with Chinese basic national conditions, and then provided some relevant policies and suggestions on how to correct distorted urbanization to unlock Chinese low-end locking industry, like strictly control the land finance, cultivate peasant-workers' human capital, reinforce infrastructure construction and elevate public service's supplying and distribution.