| With the deepening of reform and opening up,the process of urbanization in China is speeding up,and a wave of construction wave has been set off.With the rapid development of the construction industry,it is also accompanied by a very serious problem of construction safety.Over the past 20 years,the extensive development of China's construction industry has caused frequent accidents.According to the data of Ministry of housing and urban rural development,847 accidents occurred in China every year from 2000 to 2010,and 1090 people died.In 2010,627 accidents occurred in China's housing construction and municipal engineering,which resulted in the death of 772 people.In 2011,there were 589 safety accidents in housing construction and municipal engineering,which killed 738 people.According to the latest statistics from the State Administration of work safety,in 2012,the number of all kinds of safety accidents in China's construction industry reached 2437,which has exceeded the number of deaths in the coal industry,and has become a dangerous industry and mining industry and commerce industry.In 2014,Beijing Tsinghua high school in the construction of a construction site in the scaffold collapse occurred,resulting in 10 deaths;in 2015,a company of Lanling County resident in the construction site of retaining wall collapsed,killing 10 people,the direct economic loss of 7 million 215 thousand yuan;in 2016,29 building project in Shandong Province,Yantai city Longkou City Golden Mile Island B 7-15 "accident(8 deaths);2017,Shandong city of Liaocheng province Gaotang County Pinfu city is the three phase of the project occurred in piling machine dumping accident caused 4 deaths.In recent years,the safety problem of building engineering has attracted the attention of government departments.With the improvement of social life quality,people's demand for safety is also increasing.In the process of construction,workers are increasingly expecting their personal safety to be guaranteed.Construction enterprises can also be aware of the negative impact of safety accidents on enterprises.But specific to the project,there are chances related to the specific economic interests,risk management awareness is not enough,in order to save the construction cost,not willing to carry out research risk and loss,not willing to study how to mobilize the enthusiasm of all parties involved in the project safety management,safety management of the project,mostly rely on experience the management experience of safety management,and has not formulated the safety decision scheme is in line with the actual project according to the characteristics of the construction industry,especially for the construction projects involved in safety behavior,game between the safety investment allocation of resources,safety benefit assessment,construction site safety evaluation such as the lack of systematic research.This has caused huge waste of resources and caused inestimable economic losses to the enterprises.In this context,the safety management of the construction engineering project are studied systematically based on the existing domestic and foreign literatures,from the perspective of economics and management evaluation of construction safety management and construction site safety conditions are studied;Study on the mutual influence between stakeholders safety decision the relationship between behavior by game,to achieve balance reasonable method;establish reasonable expression model of the relationship between safety investment and benefit,to establish the appropriate mathematical model to build a multi-level security management evaluation model of improved AHP fuzzy comprehensive method.It is hoped to provide theoretical guidance for the safety decision of the construction units and the construction units through the in-depth study of this system.The main contents are between the construction enterprise safety management theory research,engineering construction party game behavior research,construction project reasonable safety investment research,safety investment and benefit association analysis and construction site safety comprehensive evaluation of five parts.(1)Research on security economics and safety management.Firstly,the construction enterprise safety management summary evaluation,influence on safety input factors and occupation safety and health cost model analysis;in-depth study on the safety work of the foundation,including the system of work safety,each stage of the whole life cycle of the implementation of safety management system engineering etc.;then the construction safety and economic evaluation the commonly used analytical methods,introduces the safety accident risk assessment steps.(2)Introduce the basic concepts of game theory,and discuss the feasibility of using game theory to analyze the safety management of main construction participants,including construction units,construction units and supervision units,between any two party or three party.In the security game construction unit and construction unit,construction unit inspection in solving game equilibrium under certain assumed conditions when the probability of safety investment and construction units;and according to the results of the game,the system is designed from the angle of construction unit,put forward to improve the probability of safety inputs of construction unit.Construction units and supervision units of safety investment and safety supervision and its influencing factors from the stage of the game between the construction units and supervision units,the discount factor further repeated game analysis,and prove the grim strategy is a subgame perfect Nash equilibrium;consider the supervision units and construction units and construction units may be rent-seeking effectiveness on the three party supervision rent-seeking Yi Bo,lists the three party payment function,according to the equilibrium analysis of the parameters influence on the game results.(3)Analysis of the composition and source of safety investment in construction enterprises,and improve the finishing method of construction engineering safety accident direct loss and indirect loss measurement,construct the model of relationship between multiple levels of safety investment and safety benefits,using the model parameters to study history,Beijing total in the sixth development and construction company as an example,the quantitative calculation and analysis.Get the safety accident to minimize the loss of all safety investment item safety investment rate.(4)Analysis of construction engineering safety input and safety benefit,first of all the benefits of building engineering safety are defined,established the related model of safety investment benefit system by using grey relation of Beijing development and construction company total in the Sixth engineering example analysis,respectively,adjust the distribution proportion of investment resources from the Perspective of qualitative and quantitative,and find out the economic loss of partial construction enterprise safety cost and accident related degree,in order to improve the safety and economic benefits of reference.(5)The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is applied to evaluate the safety status of the project in terms of "good" and "bad",which makes the evaluation of the safety status more scientific and objective.According to the Beijing total in the sixth development and construction company construction project are analyzed,the comprehensive assessment of the security situation in the construction site of the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation system of combination weighting method based on the safety evaluation result obtained high credibility,strong operation,has a certain practical value.This paper uses a variety of research methods,in order to develop more effective security strategy in-depth study in the process of project construction,the project management theory,statistics,operational research,game theory,correlation analysis,nonlinear programming,fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and combination weighting theory system of scientific method,obtained some results.The specific contents are as follows:(1)A game model is used to analyze the security behavior between the three parties,such as the construction units,the construction units and the supervision units.The construction units,construction units and supervision cost of rent-seeking probability with the construction units supervision units are related;the cost of supervision when the construction unit must,rent-seeking probability and probability,the amount of punishment for effective supervision of construction units and supervision units are combined is inversely proportional to the construction unit;that was proportional to the net income supervision probability the construction units and construction units,is inversely related to the effective supervision and punishment,the probability for the construction unit amount;supervision units,construction units and supervision units when seeking profit for a long time,the construction unit is bound to reduce the loss of their own interests,will improve the supervision probability;if the probability of the construction unit of effective supervision of large,rent-seeking construction units and supervision units,construction units caused deterrent penalties for rent-seeking more will also reduce the construction units and supervision The rent-seeking behavior of the unit.(2)For the rational allocation of resources,the construction project safety first,construct the multi-level index structure calculation model of safety input,standard inverse proportion function model based on multi-level security investment proportion,through the LM optimization algorithm of the relevant historical data for the study,to solve the non linear parameter model.Secondly,the nonlinear programming model is constructed,and the nonlinear programming model is solved by MATLAB,and the proportion of security input distribution at various levels is calculated.(3)Build a relational model between safety input elements and safety and economic benefits in construction projects,and use grey relational analysis to analyze the correlation degree between safety inputs and safety and economic benefits,and analyze the influencing factors of safety and economic benefits.Through the comparison experiment,it is found that the adjustment of the multi-level safety input index can make the safety benefit be greatly improved.(4)Put forward the improvement measures to improve the safety benefit,and the specific measures include:1)The reasonable and correct allocation of the safety input measures;2)Reduce labor consumption on the premise of guaranteeing the level of safety;3)To minimize the physical and chemical labor in the safety management activities;4)To formulate emergency emergency plans and timely and effective treatment;5)To formulate a modern safety management scheme.(5)To construct the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model based on combination weighting method,a comprehensive evaluation of the construction safety status of the construction site,the establishment of evaluation index system of multi-level security,by AHP and entropy method to calculate the evaluation index of the subjective and objective weights,two weight is obtained by combining the new weights combination of subjective and objective factors the final evaluation results.Combined with the engineering example,the comprehensive evaluation of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model based on combination weighting method,and the evaluation results were compared with AHP fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method,verified the practicability of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model of combination weighting method on construction site safety condition evaluation based on. |
PDF Full Text Request