Study On Ecological Compensation Mechanism For Mineral Resources Exploitation Covering Life Cycle

The exploitation of mineral resources lays the foundations of national economy.The process of exploitation,however,inevitably causes serious damage to the ecological environment.Thus,how to establish a reasonable and effective mechanism of ecological compensation for the exploitation of mineral resources,so as to standardize the production behavior of relevant mineral enterprises in reduction of the damage and prevention of the worsening consequences,has become a problem to solve urgently in both technology and formulation of the national policy.In view of this problem,this dissertation has pursued an in-depth systematic research through the assessment of ecological status,the determination of the quantitative method of ecological loss caused by mineral resources exploitation,the construction of game models,the establishment of mechanism of ecological compensation for mineral resources exploitation,to the empirical research.The innovative results obtained in the dissertation are summed up as follows:(1)Applying the theory of system analysis and analytic hierarchy process,the evaluation system of ecological condition in mining area is set up.Static and dynamic evaluation criteria for ecological status of mining area are also established.Based on these criteria,the whole life cycle of mining area has been divided into five stages.This dissertation quantifies the monetary value of the evaluation index of ecological status in mining area,and constitutes a quantitative method of ecological compensation for mineral resources development,which is an important basis for formulating ecological compensation standards.(2)Adopting Mitchell's classification method.Through expert scoring evaluation analysis,the types of stakeholders in mineral resources exploitation are determined,as well as core stakeholders such as the central government,local government,mining enterprises and residents of the mining area.That clarifies interests of the core stakeholders and conflicts of stakeholders' interests,pointing out the why's and wherefores.(3)Based on the analysis of the game process of ecological compensation for stakeholders by using signal game theory,a quadrilateral game model of ecological compensation for mineral resources exploitation is established,and thus the issues of superior strategies for all parties are solved,and the game results among stakeholders have been obtained.(4)The process of ecological compensation is made to fall into four steps.With the determination of the amount of ecological compensation and the analysis of stakeholders,the subject and object in ecological compensation are redefined,with a result that the ecological compensation model of mineral resources development in the whole life cycle is set up,the mode of ecological compensation is refined,and the ecological compensation standard based on the ecological compensation system is established.(5)A case study on a specific mining area has been carried out by applying the constructed mechanism of ecological compensation.To start with,the ecological status of the mining area was evaluated while the judgement on the stage of its life cycle was made,and the amount of needed ecological compensation was computed.Then,the ecological compensation fee was calculated according to the set-up ecological compensation standard.The results brought about by that case study Showa that the mechanism of ecological compensation for mineral resources development covering the life cycle,proposed by this dissertation has proved its good operability.On the whole,the results in this dissertation provide a theoretical basis for the establishment of national mechanism of mineral resources,and can be used for reference in the formulation of relevant policies concerning mineral resources development in China.