Study On The Evaluation Of Eco-efficiency In Northeastern China Based On Modified EBM Model

Urban sustainable development has been one of the hotspots and core issues in current research.In 2018,China's urbanization rate had reached 58.52%.With the advancement of urbanization,many cities are faced with challenges such as the reduction of ecological land use and environmental pollution.The contradiction between economic development and ecological environment has become increasingly prominent.Ecological efficiency aims to minimize the resource consumption and environmental pollution while maximizing natural and economic value,which is the inherent requirement of urban sustainable development.Northeast region is China's agricultural,pastoral and forest production base as well as old industrial base,which has an irreplaceable strategic position and role in the national economy.Since 1990 s,problems in many Northeast China cities have gradually occurred.Many cities have been faced with tremendous pressure from the economic downturn.Status of the Northeast area in the country has been declining.Since 2013,growth rate in the three northeastern provinces has been continuous lower than the national level,and the “new northeast phenomenon” has emerged.At the same time,the ecological environment has also been facing enormous challenges.Northeast China has always been the epitome of China's urbanization development.Problems between its economic development and ecological environment can be seen as the reflection of the contradiction between China's economic development and ecological environment.This paper firstly analyzed general idea of urban ecosystem and its components.On this basis,theoretical framework of ecological efficiency assessment in urban ecosystem was constructed,and the urban ecological efficiency evaluation index system was constructed.Combined with the research reality,the modified DEA-EBM model was constructed.Some spatial models were employed to conduct empirical research on 34 prefecture-level cities in Northeast China from various aspects.The main research work and innovations of this paper are as follows:(1)Construct a theoretical framework for measuring the ecological efficiency of urban ecosystems,and incorporate the indicator which represented natural ecosystem conditions into the whole ecological efficiency evaluation index system.In the past,the eco-efficiency indicator system ignored the influence of natural ecosystems.However,economic development and environmental protection cannot exist without natural ecosystem.This paper uses remote sensing data and GIS technology to construct an ecological efficiency index system that includes changes in natural ecosystems.(2)Construct an ecological efficiency measurement model.Due to the deficiencies in the traditional DEA model,some estimates may not be accurate in the evaluation of eco-efficiency.This paper chooses DEA-EBM as the initial model,and performs three improvements on the model,namely the unguided EBM model,the addition of undesired outputs,the addition of super-efficiency logic,so as to construct a new data envelopment analysis model which is suitable for the actual study.(3)Identify the law of spatial agglomeration of ecological efficiency in Northeast China.Based on the homogeneity and heterogeneity of space,the spatial agglomeration models such as Moran's I index,local autocorrelation Lisa index and hotspot analysis are used to investigate the spatial agglomeration of ecological efficiency in Northeast China,and identify the general law of ecological efficiency agglomeration in Northeast China from 2006 to 2015,which provides a basis for further ecological efficiency improvement.(4)Analyze the influencing factors of ecological efficiency in Northeast China.Through qualitative analysis and screening of influencing factors,the index system of ecological efficiency influencing factors are established,and the mixed OLS effect(POLS)method and random effect(RE)method in econometrics are used to estimate the regression of Tobit model,so the effects of different factors on ecological efficiency are investigated.Finally,based on the ecological efficiency measurement model and its influencing factors,suggestions for improving the ecological efficiency in Northeast China are proposed,which provides theoretical support for the revitalization of Northeast China and the rise of the old industrial base in Northeast China.