The Intelligent Assessment Model For Ship Maneuvering And Collision-Avoidance

In the Manila Amendments to the International Convention on Standards of Training,Certification and Watch keeping of Seafarers,1978,the requirements for the training and assessment of ship officer's using ship handling simulator are included in the scope of the seafarer's training.At present,the assessment of the crew's eligibility,using the ship handling simulator in China,is still done by the assessor.The evaluation results are often affected by the subjectivity of the assessor,in order to solve this problem,the following work is carried out:To study the basic theory of ship maneuvering and collision avoidance assessment,and establish an evaluation index system for ship maneuvering and collision avoidance.Firstly,clarify the essence of ship maneuvering,that is,control the course,speed,and ship position to ensure the ship safe navigation;Secondly,establish an evaluation index system.divide the berthing operation into three stages:berthing,arriving,and sailing,and establish a three-tier evaluation index system of ship maneuvering;divided the collision avoidance operation into three stages:sailing,judgment,and action,and establish a three-tier evaluation index system of ship collision avoidance;Thirdly,the rationality of the evaluation index system is demonstrated.In the six aspects of the purpose,completeness,operability,independence,salience and dynamics of the evaluation index system,demonstrate the rationality of the evaluation index system systematically for the first time;Fourthly,based on the characteristics of each evaluation index,select the appropriate type of membership function;Fifthly,use the analytic hierarchy process to calculate the weight of each evaluation index in the evaluation index system.Based on the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method,establish a ship maneuvering assessment model and a collision avoidance assessment model,and design an assessment process to assess the ship maneuvering and collision avoidance automatically.For the collision avoidance,the time to action is difficult to quantify and the ship collision risk calculation is relatively complex.Based on the ship collision avoidance geometric model and fuzzy set theory,establish the ship collision risk model,which applied to the collision avoidance evaluation.The fuzzy membership function is established for DCPA and TCPA respectively,and the boundaries of them are redefined and given a clear physical meaning.The ship collision risk model is obtained by using the additive synthesis operator.During the assessment process,the collision risk model dynamically identifies the situation between the own ship and the target ships,and provides assistance decision-making information.In conjunction with the assessed personnel's collision avoidance maneuver data and assessment requirements,the assessment assistance information is dynamically given.Based on the K-nearest neighbor algorithm and multi-objective optimization theory,an intelligent assessment method for ship maneuvering and collision avoidance is put forward,and an intelligent assessment model is established.Divide the voyage into four stages:the berthing,de-berthing,dropping anchor,and heaving up anchor,and then process the AIS data.Cluster the maneuver records within each stage by using the DBSCAN algorithm.Take the indices of course,course change,speed,speed change and ship position as the intelligent assessment evaluation index system for ship maneuvering and collision avoidance.For each cluster,extract the value of the evaluation index from the maneuver record,and take them as the characteristic value to establish unlabeled samples.Based on multi-objective optimization theory,establish the objective function with the five evaluation indices,take the unlabeled sample set as the constraint condition,work out the function to get the evaluation results for each maneuver record,and then establish a labeled sample set.Use the K nearest neighbor algorithm to sort the maneuver records,and take the classification result as the evaluation score.An evaluation system based on ship handling simulator and an evaluation system based on a three-dimensional virtual ship training platform are developed.Firstly,for the practice tests of ship maneuvering and collision avoidance based on ship handling simulator,assess them on-line or off-line.Secondly,establish the ship equipment operation evaluation model based on the K-nearest neighbor algorithm in the three-dimensional virtual ship practical training platform.Thirdly,compare the automatic assessment model and the intelligent assessment model from qualitative and quantitative perspectives,both of them have their own applicability.