Hierarchical Hub Location For Integration Of Urban And Rural Passenger Transport

With the acceleration of urbanization,the implementation of the strategy of overall planning of urban and rural areas,and the proposal of the strategy of rural revitalization,the relationship between urban and rural areas has become increasingly close,the scale and scope of people's travel has been expanding,and the travel demand has increased significantly.However,the existence of urban-rural dual system leads to the unbalanced development of urban and rural passenger transport,the inconsistency of urban and rural passenger transport network,and the incompatibility of the connection between urban and rural passenger transport network,etc.Therefore,how to develop urban passenger transport and rural passenger transport becomes the focus of road transport industry.The proposal of integrating urban and rural passenger transport is a new idea to solve the development of urban and rural passenger transport.In order to realize the integration of urban and rural passenger transport,the integration of urban and rural infrastructure is the primary link.The hub station is the key node of passenger flow conversion between cities and towns,and an important component of the infrastructure of urban-rural passenger transport integration.Therefore,the rationality of its location and layout is related to the convenience of urban and rural residents' travel and the closeness of economic exchanges between urban and rural areas.There are still some problems in the construction of urban and rural passenger stations in China,such as unreasonable layout,low-level of public service,and the inability to consider the connection between cities and villages as a whole.Therefore,it is a practical and urgent task to coordinate the construction of urban and rural passenger terminal and traffic network,rationally arrange the location of urban and rural passenger terminal,and build a perfect urban and rural passenger station system.Based on the theory of hierarchical division of urban & rural passenger transport integration hub stations,and combined with the characteristics of different development periods of urban and rural passenger transport integration,a multi-level hub-and-spoke network is designed.Considering the two types of hub hierarchy in the network,from the perspective of managers and users,a hierarchical hub location model is constructed with the goal of minimizing total cost.A hybrid optimization algorithm was designed to solve the problem,and the results were compared with those of the optimization software to verify the validity of the model and algorithm.Apply the model to a certain area of Shandong Province to construct the network and locate the two-level hub.The specific research has the following four aspects.(1)Elaborating the related theory of hierarchical hub location of integration of urban and rural passenger transport.The paper defines the research area of integration of urban-rural passenger transport on the research status of the hub location of urban-rural passenger transport integration at home and abroad,analyses the connection and demand characteristics between hub stations,and divides the levels of urban and rural passenger transport integration hub stations on the basis of defining the functional characteristics of urban and rural passenger stations.At the same time,deeply analyzes the feasibility of hub and spoke network in urban and rural passenger transport,discusses the change of hub and spoke network structure of urban-rural passenger transport integration,and puts forward the overall process of hierarchical hub location in hub-and-spoke network.(2)Considering hierarchical hub location problem for integration of urban and rural passenger transport in an incomplete network.Constructs a multi-level tree-shaped hub network structure of integration of urban-rural passenger transport in the view of the flow direction of passenger flow from villages and towns to cities at all levels of network and in the considering of the characteristics and network distribution of passenger flow at the beginning of the construction of integration of urban-rural passenger transport.Breaking the previous way of hub location for urban and rural passenger transport at different levels,considering on the layer of hubs in urban and central town,and considering the cost and hub capacity constraints,a capacitated hierarchical hub location model of integration of urban and rural passenger transport is established.The genetic tabu hybrid optimization algorithm was designed and the model solution and parameter sensitivity analysis are carried out by using random generated examples and practical examples.Compares with the result of optimization software and verifies the validity of the model and algorithm.The results show that the hierarchical location model can effectively determine the location of the two-level hub simultaneously,and minimize the total transportation cost.(3)Considering hierarchical hub location problem for integration of urban and rural passenger transport in a complete network.In view of the increasingly close connections among different levels of hubs,considering the complete connection among urban public transport hubs and the complete connection among central town hubs,considering on the layer of hubs for urban and rural passenger transport,a capacitated hierarchical hub location model of integration of urban and rural passenger transport is established from the perspective of interests of hub builders and user.The genetic tabu hybrid optimization algorithm and optimization software were used to solve the problem,and two groups of random generated examples were designed.Compares the results and efficiency of the two methods,and verifies the effectiveness of hybrid optimization algorithm and model validity.Taking a certain area in Shandong province as an example,the two-level hub location model in complete network was solved,and compared the hub layout of complete network with which of incomplete network.And the results show that the layout at each level hub is different due to the difference of network structure.Moreover,the complete network has more advantages in cost but the advantages are not obvious from the perspective of resource utilization(4)Considering hierarchical hub location-routing model for integration of urban and rural passenger transport.Within the comparing and analysis of complete network and incomplete network,complete network is determined to be backbone sub-network.From the point of view of resource saving,considering the utilization rate of vehicles,the demand nodes allocated to the hubs at all levels are connected into straight lines to form a straight line path.Thus the "complete network-star-path" network structure of integration of urban-rural passenger transport is formed.And considering on the layer of hubs for urban and rural passenger transport,a hierarchical hub location-routing model of integration of urban and rural passenger transport is established.The model was solved by optimization software,and the sensitivity analysis of the main parameters was carried out to verify the validity of the model.The model is applied to a case of a certain area in Shandong province to locate hubs,and compare the results of location model of considering route or not.The results show that hierarchical hub location-routing model has high utilization,which is more in line with the actual characteristics of integration of urban-rural passenger transport.The main innovations of this paper are as follows: putting forward a new idea of applying hub and spoke network to the study of integration of urban-rural passenger transport;establishing a hierarchical hub location model in considering of the two types of hubs in urban-rural passenger transport integrated network,the benefits of managers and users,different network structures,traffic flow,paths and other factors;comparing the complete network with the incomplete network in order to find a more suitable network structure for the development of integration of urban and rural passenger transport;designing a genetic tabu hybrid optimization algorithm,and verifying the superiority and validity of algorithm and model are verified by generating examples and practical examples.Constructing the network and rationally laying out the hub system of integration of urban and rural passenger transport are benefit in achieving seamless connection between urban and rural passenger transport,improving the travel conditions of urban and rural residents,and improving the level of public services.And it is advantage to realize the new market pattern of "one-stop management and unified management" of urban and rural passenger transport,and promote the sharing of urban and rural resources and the optimal allocation of resources.It is more conducive to promote the integration of urban and rural economy,especially in the development and revitalization of rural areas.