BIM-Based Design Technologies For Industrialized Residential Planning

The construction industry is the pillar of China's economy,but there has been a low degree of industrialization,energy consumption,serious waste of resources and other issues.In recent years,China has begun to promote the industrialization of housing,aiming to improve efficiency and decrease energy consumption by taking advantages of the mass construction and standardization.Residential planning is an early design stage of a residential's lifecycle,and it has an impact on its quality,cost,and performance.However,residential planning still uses CAD technology prevalently in the current practice,which is incapable to support the dynamic performance analysis and optimization and difficult to meet the housing industrial design requirements due to its low degree of standardization.Building Information Modeling(BIM)can link the data,processes,and resources of the building lifecycle,providing technical support for the standardization,visualization and performance design of residential planning.According to the characteristics and needs of residential industrialization,this paper makes an in-depth study on the key technologies of BIM-based industrial residential planning.Firstly,this paper puts forward the overall plan of industrialized residential planning based on BIM by investigating the content,process and information characteristics of industrialized residential planning.Then,this paper establishes a residential planning information model structure according to the international BIM information storage and exchange standard IFC(Industry Foundation Classes),which is realized using Autodesk Revit by supporting its information data extraction,modeling,and storage.Secondly,aiming at the industrialized residential planning based on the standard dwelling unit,this paper studies the analysis,storage,and management technologies of standard dwelling units based on BIM,and establishes a standard dwelling unit database.Then,aiming at the problem of low efficiency,matching difficulty and information fragmentation in the design process,the similarity evaluation algorithm considering attribute,topology,and shape is studied,and the standard matching method based on BIM and the similarity evaluation is proposed.Thirdly,we study the parametric planning technology based on standard dwelling unit,including dwelling unit assembly,floor plan extrusion,building layout configuration,building lightweight,thus establish the multi-scale management and information update mechanism of the residential planning BIM.Fourthly,this paper studies the performance analysis technology of industrialized residential planning and proposes an information extraction and exchange technology to build the performance analysis sub-model directly from BIM.Besides,this paper also realizes the seamless combination between planning system and third-party performance analysis tools.Finally,based on the proposed technologies,a BIM-based standard dwelling unit database and an industrial residential planning system have been developed and applied in residential projects.The application shows that the information model of residential planning can be successfully established by introducing BIM technology and IFC standard,which can realize the information integration and support the standardization,visualization and performance design of industrialized residential planning.The research results of this subject provide new methods,techniques and tools for industrialized residential planning.It is of significance and practical value to promote the industrialization of housing and improve the efficiency and quality of residential planning.