Research On Design Of Courtyard Architecture And Landscape For New Rural Construction In Xuzhou Area

As one of the overall requirements to build the Chinese new socialist countryside,“Clean and Tidy Village”also presents the manifestation of creating Ecological Civilization.It was put on the central government urbanization working conference that we should focus on preserving the original villages' look while promoting the urban integration and improving people's living conditions.The target of building new countryside was clearly directed toward Green Development,Recycle Development,Low-Carbon Development,Cultural Heritage and Regional Features.Rural architectures and courtyards represent the most basic cell of countryside structure.Rural residence not onlycarries the historical and cultural connotation of countryside,but also reveals the natural rules of the revolution of countryside and rural residences,highlighting the lifestyle and economic condition of local rural residents and exerting profound impacts on rural economical and agricultural development.Therefore,adopting artistic and well-designed structure to rural residence is the key to realize the target of “Clean and Tidy Village”,as well as the “Beautiful Village and Idyllic Village”.In the past years,since lacking of proper guidance and monitoring,rural residences build by villagers mostly resulted in disordered design and construction.Meanwhile,unreasonable planning and designing also quite damaged the construction space of the traditional village.It appeared as a serious problem in the north of Jiangsu province,an economically less developed region in China,high energy-consumption,environmental degradation,ecological destruction and cultural issue,etc.Previously,researches on rural residence designing of the northern Jiangsu province were merely focused on written academic study,attention was only paid on the aspects of construction techniques and energy-saving techniques,but few of them were on the planning and designing,especially neglecting the study of carrying on construction culture of rural residence.At present,however,the study on the choice of rural construction structure type and innovative designing is still immature,so neither imitating the old constructions nor trying to be modern one can cater to the public.Considering the differences of regional cultures,the successive rural construction examples in other regions can't be replanted into new countryside construction for the northern Jiangsu province.The current new countryside constructions in the northern Jiangsu province mainly play their roles on basic functions as energy-saving technologies and materials,which ignored the combination of technology and arts,lacking sense of space analysis,traditional culture elements and ecological conception on construction designing.Based on the reality of countryside in the northern Jiangsu province,“self-designing” is the only way to plan the rural residences of local new countryside.Compared with the past researches,this thesis puts forward a more scientific and effective idea and method forcreative designing rural residences.Taking rural residences in Xuzhou city located in the northern Jiangsu province,as the object,and taking the reality of rural residences of new countryside in Xuzhou into consideration,this thesis has found out a set of scientific designing model of new countryside residences and courtyard landscape and applied it into practice.The contents and results of the research are constituted by five aspects as followed:1.Getting to know the reality and development status of rural constructions both domestic and abroad,based on which,this thesis applied certain supporting theories and made explanations.Raising up the main problems existing in rural constructions design in Chinese new countryside and this thesis would put forward the research targets and meanings.2.Conducting a field research and analysis on environmental features,folk customs,rural landscape and countryside residences of sample villages in Xuzhou,this thesis summarizes the designing problems in traditional rural residence,self-made buildings and rural apartments.From the perspectivesof geographic pattern,landscape and economic situation,this thesis chooses four typical villages as samples to conduct a research on rural constructions with courtyard and optimizing landscape.3.Regarding the essences of rural constructions themselves,this thesis makes an analysis and evaluation on the reality of rural constructions from samples in terms of structure and functions,environment,health,economy,production and life.Meanwhile,it would make a comparisonamong the architectural development of those samples in different periods,strengths and weakness can be included.The idea on optimizing rural constructions structurewill be given.4.From the perspective of “Rural Life Museum”,this thesis uses diverse designing thinking modes to raise the core contents---Innovative Methods of Designing Rural Constructions with Courtyard and Landscape of New Countryside in Xuzhou.Under the principle of sustainable development,from the essence of the architecture,this thesis explores the methods for reasonably apply architecture typology and ecological constructions to the design of Xuzhou new rural residences,seeking for the possibility of integrated the conceptions of both traditional ecological idea and the modern ones so as to design the residences representing appearance and functions,traditional and modern ideas.It will realize that modern designing will improve the rural traditional construction.The fittest pattern will be adopted to design rural residences and courtyards in Xuzhou and get a better designing project,making an integration of constructions and landscape to create Xuzhou's rural residence courtyards and buildings in a new era.5.Based on the research findings above,this thesis explores further possibility and feasibility of the innovative methods to design rural residences with courtyards.The innovative methods prove the combination of traditional and modern methods is effective to rebuild rural residents' traditional lifestyle which is fading away.Compared to the existing rural construction in Xuzhou,the new ones can satisfy the residents more in their life and will be further developed in the coming future.This thesis concludes a set of practical and effective designing principles and strategies to give rural residents scientific guidance of designing their own buildings,to provide theoretical references to create “Special Countryside” in Xuzhou during the period of the 13 th Five-Year Plan and to carry on the construction culture of the northern Jiangsu area.