Reaearch On Architectural Landscape Of Lanzhou City Under The View Of Typology

Architectural typology is a basic theory that reveals the formation of architectural landscapes and urban forms,which aims to discuss the urban landscape structure based on the classification of urban buildings,to explain the coexistence and superposition between the extension of diachronic monuments and the intention of synchronic landscape,and to explain a matching relationship among the two,the place and the regional culture in the reality after superposition,and then study their integration and evolutionary trends.This paper argues that the development of architectural typology theory formed from taxonomy has gone through four stages.Typologies,from the earliest basic typology that is Prototype-based to the third type of typology,are appeared before the sixties of last century.This paper puts forward and confirms the trend of cultural turn in the later study of architectural typology,and argues that the current architectural typology study should be guided by cultural research.It studies extraction,refinement and application of regional culture symbols as well as evolutionary relationship and matching degree among symbols,urban history and urban culture so as to make managers and users to clarify the situation of cities,to grasp the matching relationships,to reason out an evolutionary trend,and to make typology theory play a guiding role in the urban planning and architectural design.From the diachronic level of architectural typology,Lanzhou City,due to its special geographical location factors,gradually transformed from the defensive city into land port and transport hub.In the diachronic process,the historical nodes emerged by degrees.In the process of urban formation,these important elements formed by the nodes were connected into stable force lines.The interrelationship of force lines and their interaction with ancient places promotes the synchronic superposition and evolves into new urban landscapes and new urban forms.By studying the diachronic landscape nodes and the synchronic landscape intention in Lanzhou City,this paper finds that the urban form of Lanzhou contains some kind of inevitable relationship as the significant elements landscape nodes,such as urban gate,street,living room,garden,residential houses and so on.Based on the description of the architectural landscape of the above nodes,the evolutionary relationship of the symbols,functions and forms among different architectural landscape in synchronic state is analyzed,and the cultural mechanism and evolutionary trend of urban architecture landscape are deduced.After two years of research on Lanzhou urban architectural landscape,this paper argues that the transportation hub--Lanzhou City railway station as a city portal,its functional role and cultural connotation gradually transformed into that of urban square.To the visitors,itreveals the passion,but to the chaos it reflects the majesty.The commercial building in Lanzhou City developed from simple commercial stores to multi-functional urban complex and from original important elements to the formation of new landmarks.The cultural connotation of its space shows a clear return to the trend of street culture.The campus building that evolved from a closed place for education to urban gardens and the window showing the modern civilization,has become a significant city memory.The campus building that evolved from a closed place for education to urban gardens and the window showing the modern civilization,has become a significant city memory.The houses in Lanzhou gradually evolved into a group of buildings with topological relations from the form of fengshui intention,which reflects the huge changes in vertical and horizontal space development in land use and in people's attitudes to life and to culture.Through the above analysis,this paper concludes that from a cultural point of view,especially from a realistic standpoint,the fundamental factor that determines the landscape style of Lanzhou's architecture is a space-time superposition.This superposition on the one hand is a logical continuation;on the other hand it emerges contradictory elements.The conclusion of this article can undoubtedly provide some help for the urban design managers and performers.