| The landscapes of the region records the history of a region,showing the characteristic of adaption to human and nature each other;record changes of the culture;heritage people's production methods,living customs,showing a variety characteristics of geographical landscape.As the only pilot city for the construction of beautiful rural areas in Liaoning province,it is also an important wetland tourism city with unique natural and cultural resources along the coast for Panjin,so it is clear for the regional landscape and its characteristics in Panjin.Then to find the regional landscape and its characteristics of Panjin,and to construct the regional landscape system in Panjin,this is an urgent problem to be solved landscape construction and beautiful rural construction in Panjin.Under the guidance of landscape and regional research,this paper investigates the natural landscape and human landscape of Panjin area,objectively formulates regional landscape standards,finds the regional landscape belonging to Panjin,explores the causes of regional landscape,establishes mathematical models,and scientifically evaluates the regions.Landscape,build Panjin regional landscape system.In order to lead Panjin to use the natural geographical conditions,wetland natural landscape resources,wetland cultural characteristics,rice and river crab farming industry foundation to plan Panjin urban and rural integration landscape,planning beautiful rural construction,ecological civilization construction to lay a theoretical foundation;The beautiful rural construction model has great practical significance.Natural and cultural landscapes were investigated in Panjin,under the guidance of the ideas of landscape and regional studies.The regional landscape standards were objectively formulated,the regional landscapes belonging to Panjin were found,the causes of regional landscape were explored,mathematical models were established,and the regions Landscape were scientifically evaluated,the regional landscape system was built in Panjin.In order to lead to use the natural geographical conditions in Panjin,wetland natural landscape resources,wetland cultural characteristics and rice and crab farming,a theoretical foundation is provided for planing urban and rural integration landscape,planning beautiful rural construction,ecological civilization construction.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Excavating and refining the elements of natural landscape in Panjin,developing objective criteria for the geographical composition of natural landscapes,to find the natural landscape belonging to Panjin area by screening from 20 different types of natural landscapes.These are salt-tolerant herbaceous plants such as Phragmites australis,Suaeda salsa,Typha and salt-tolerant herb,flat landforms,rivers,salinized soils,birds and crabs.(2)Objectively formulate regional natural landscape standards and find regional natural landscapes from different types of natural landscapes.These are salt-tolerant herb plants in low wetland such as Suaeda salsa on mud beach,Phragmites australis on swamp and meadow,Phragmites australis-Suaeda salsa on mud beach,river,Phragmites australis and Typha on low wetland,Phragmites australis on floodplain of river,landscape of bird and crab.I extracted the natural landscape features in Panjin.There are multi-water,without mountain,few trees,the territory of the river,many Phragmites australis ponds,drains and tides,vegetation is dominated by salt-tolerant herbaceous plants,and species are relatively single.It is unique for broad ‘red mud beach',‘Phragmites australis Pond'and zonal landscape on coastal salt beach.It is the most obvious geographical symbol in Panjin;it is beautiful to look from the flat for meticulous texture of landscape,landscape structure of large acreage,from visual aesthetic,the formation of unique and broad characteristics,seasonal landscapes of plant is unique,there are red Suaeda salsa,white flowers,black oil,green water,yellow rice.(3)We developed objectively criteria for geographical elements of cultural landscapes,defined the geographical composition elements of cultural landscapes,containing many craftsmanships,relief reeds draw,woven with reeds,embossing,scirpoides holoschoenus,straw,wicker weaving,and other methods of production;crabs farmed,salt drying,boating and other production methods in paddy;winter fishing,ice fishing,ice cars and other lifestyles and entertainment;before fishing ceremonies and other folk activities;l andscape materials such as straw,thatch,reeds,and scirpoides holoschoenus.We formulated objective criteria for regional natural landscape,to find the cultural landscape belonging to Panjin area from 12 different human landscape types,including landscape of paddy,the landscape of the canal,oil landscape,rural landscape,landscape of salina.I extracted the characteristics of regional cultural landscape.There are not a long history in Panjin,the cultural landscape is created in the process of civilians trying to survive,the overall geographical landscape is characterized for wetland pastoral style.(1)Landscape of paddy: from the visual point of view,large scale,open space,large patches,good continuity,fine and smooth the texture of the landscape;Golden color that bright and eye-catching in autumn,it is cheerful for harvest scene,people feel happy;From a cultural point of view,the rice what is planted is a way of production that people respects and creates terrain,hydrological conditions,and is closely related to people's lives;On the basis of the cultivation of rice,people creates the produced mode for crab reared in paddy field,that is a combination of the farming and fisheries,that is a landscape reappeared that mix lifestyle of farming and fishing people created in Panjin.(2)Canal landscape: from the visual point of view,there are canal that shapes and levels are different in Panjin,formation of landscape striped,criss-cross together to form a mesh texture,that are spectacular Phragmites australis and paddy,the number of landscape elements are linked together by canal,so that the formation of a variety of unity landscape characteristics.From the cultural point of view,the canal is a conservancy engineering technology which the people comply with the regular patterns of nature and create,is closely related to what rice is planted,Phragmites australis is being preserved,crabs are farmed,it is people's wisdom crystallization.(3)Rural landscape: from a visual point of view,a small village is surrounded by a large area of rivers,drains,paddy fields,Phragmites australis fields,Phragmites australis ponds,shelter forest,the formation of the northern wetland pastoral style,different seasons due to changes of vegetation,showing a different color effection.From a cultural point of view,different villages embody the different labor culture.(4)Oil field landscape: from the visual point of view,on the flat land,we can farly see the oil field in the quiet marshes and meadows of Phragmites australis,mud beach of Suaeda salsa,orange oil machine working,with a clear of the contrast about moving and quiet,large storage tanks and oil pipelinesthat show a scene about chemical industry.From a cultural point of view,oil have brought prosperity and visibility for Panjin,oil is a symbol of wealth.(5)Landscape of salt pan: from the visual point of view,the salt fields are a neat and large shallow pool of shallow pools.From a cultural point of view,salt pan is the way of people's economic production.(4)From the perspective of historical evolution,the causes of regional landscape types and the logical relationships among the main constituent elements and landscape types of regional landscapes were expounded in this paper.The formation of regional landscapes was closely related to the environment,culture,and residents.The formation of regional natural landscapes is mainly affected by the combination of landforms,water,soils,vegetations,and animals.The formation of regional humanistic landscapes is based on the natural environment,and is further integrated with culture to form a unique regional wetland culture.The civilians in this area did not transform nature in a large scale,but adapted to the natural environment to create their own life.The typical fishery culture was created by the civilians as the main part of the region with the integration of the natural environment,civilians,and different cultures formed.More natural landscape features were preserved.(5)Evaluation of regional Landscape in Panjin is based on analytic hierarchy process.Scientifically establish new evaluation indicators such as the spatial scale(the broad distribution),the continuity and stability of the landscape,historical inheritance,production methods,and information volume.The weighted values of the natural landscape are much higher than the cultural landscape in Panjin.The natural landscape is the main part of the regional landscape.Among the main geographical landscape types in Panjin,the following are the effects on the landscape: flat landscape of Suaeda salsa > landscape of river > landscape of reed plants > terrain Landscape > Landscape of paddy > landscapes of birds and other animals > low-wetland landscape of Typha > landscape canal drainage > rural cultural landscapes > rural landscape of residential area > oil landscape > solina landscape;landscape of paddy is the main cultural landscapes,and because rural landscape include paddy,drains,and rural landscape is also an important type of cultural landscapes.It is proposed for the first time that the main landscape is the natural landscape in Panjin,and the overall regional landscape feature is the viewpoint of the pastoral rural style of the wetland.The overall regional landscape feature is the pastoral and rural style of the wetland.The regional landscape reflects the distinctive features of salt-tolerant plant unique and strong psychological feelings,continuity,stability,broad distribution,cultural inheritance,and morphological texture and production integration.(6)This paper first constructed the regional landscape system in Panjin,based on the objective study of the natural,cultural landscape,and elements and their characteristics in Panjin;based on the formation process of the regional landscape,the reasons and the logical relationship between the factors and the formation of the regional landscape formation law;based on the visual appearance of the form,color,distribution modeling,texture,texture,,folklore and production methods from a cultural perspective,stability and sustainability of landscape from an ecological perspective,and got their quantitative evaluation indicators and different weights of regional landscape.Then superimposed layout of regional landscape spatial pattern,complete the construction of regional landscape system in Panjin. |
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