| With the urbanization process and the expansion of city size,there are more ways for residents to make the travelling choice.And as an important way for travelling;the urban rail transit is playing an increasingly important role in the daily travel in the life.Due to the contimous improvement in the network operation condition,the future of urban rail transit network will exhibit several features of various forms,strong demand and complex network.As urban rail system is relatively closed with centralized and complexed passenger structure,the occurrence of unexpected events is likely to lead to a large number of passengers stranded,operational disruption paralysis,and serious damage to property and even and threat to the lives.At the same time,the probability of risk and travel accidents also showed a rising trend,and the security situation is increasingly grim.To get rid of the emergencies in the rail lines and even road network,four parts of work need to be done including preparation,mitigation,response and recovery.The preparation is in order to control the risk of unexpected events,reducing the probability of its occurrence;the goal of mitigation is to ease the short period of time emergency response and then reduce the losses;response and recovery include resolving incidents and restore all the action and program operations.Therefore,it is a need to explore passenger emergencies under propagation in rail traffic,with the search for effective optimization methods and strategies for urban rail transportation emergency response organizations,so as to avoid harm caused by emergencies for aspects of life the property of passengers during the traveling,and maintain track normal traffic operation organization,which is the core mission of this paper.In view of core missions,this paper carried out research work in the following aspects1)This paper describes the connotation of urban rail transit emergencies,as well as the causes and the event class of emergencies in the rail transit.According to the consequences of emergencies on rail traffic generated from operations,the emergencies are divided into two types as sudden large passenger flow emergencies and sudden interrupution emergencies.For urban rail transit network operating characteristics,the analysis passenger flow characteristics and its affect mechanism for the propagation in the rail network under the two types of emergencies is made,together with the analysis of the linkages and mutual conversion conditions between the two types of emergencies.On this basis,a brief analysis of three emergency organization including the station emergency evacuating and guiding organization,emergenct rail traffic organization,and rail transportation-ground shuttle bus emergent co-organized organization is made,and the selection method and use conditions of the emergent organization under different circumstances is presented.2)For the optimization problem of the station emergent evacuating and guiding organization under emergency,This paper analyzes the main factors and behavioral characteristics affect passenger evacuating and guiding organization,and simulates the decision-making mechanism of passenger behavior and interact with the facilities and the environment in stations,and thereby the simulation system is established to simulate the evacuating and guiding organization inside the station under different emergency situations,so as to propose an optimization strategy under the emergency situation.Among them,the paper simulate the agent attribute for the decision-making behavior of passengers via the joint influence of the vector field and social force,to analyze and simulate interactions among people or between people and the environment in the passenger evacuating and guiding organization under emergency,3)For the optimization problem of emergenct rail traffic organization under sudden large passenger flow emergencies,according to the influence on the rail network from sudden large passenger flow emergency,the paper divided the problem of emergenct rail traffic organization into two parts as routing plan and parking plan.In this paper,the organization optimization models for different routing and parking is established with appropriate optimization model and solving method.Specific examples with the appropriate routing and parking organizational model are proposed to calculate the optimization organization for verifing the rationality of the model.4)For the optimization problem of rail transportation-ground shuttle bus emergent co-organized organization under sudden interrupution emergencies.The paper presents the main steps of the implementation of their emergency response organizations,and the specific implementation methods of the passenger demand,pick mode and route convergence.In this paper,the emergency shuttle buses organization is divided into two parts,convergence line design and bus distribution.When considering the route optimization,the paper takes the low-level rail traffic organizational changes under sudden interrupution emergencies into account with emergency routing settings and optimal route optimization mode,and proposes the contacts of route optimization between rail and co-organized organization,and established the route optimization model of co-organized organization.on the basis of above,the minimum operation time and the minimal impact on other bus lines are taken as the objective functions,and according to the principle of equitable relief,all the convergence sites are taken into account.Finally,the use of proper algorithms to solve distribution lines and bus adapter designed,and validation of the model and its method are proved with both simple and complex examples.According to the research above,three innovation points are reflected in this paper.1)In the analysis of the station emergent evacuating and guiding organization under emergency,the behavior of the passenger’s own characteristics and the environmental impact of the station are connected.And agent technology is used for passenger behavior mechanism simulation,while the vector field theory on is used for the influencing mechanisms in the station environment,and social for theory is taken as the cohesion for them.The method is used for the realization the simulation of the behavior of passenger flow in the the station emergent evacuating and guiding organization,which plays great role in the analysis of the actual environment and the propose of optimization strategy.2)For the optimization problem of emergenct rail traffic organization under sudden large passenger flow emergencies,two-stage optimization approach is used that divided the problem of emergenct rail traffic organization into two parts as routing plan and parking plan.Firstly,the optimal set of emergency routing is achieved,and then the parking plan is introducted to optimize the train parking plan on the former optimization results,so as to ensure the continuity of the system optimization;3)In the optimization of bus distribution,with the consideration of the paradise relationship between the objective functions,without subjective importance proposed target,The NSGA-II algorithm is used for the solution to the problem of bus distribution,and the optimized solution set is obtained to facilitate decision makers choose the appropriate program according to the actual situation.The conclusion from this paper can provide a theoretical basis for the rail operations and evacuating and guiding management under emergencies organization.And its optimization methods and strategies can be used not only for carrying out emergency evacuating and guiding organization in the station for ensuring the life and property safety of passengers,but also guarantee the daily travel of passengers when an emergency occurs,and maintain the normal operation of rail transit.. |
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